【摘要】 以海洋中打捞的废弃渔网为对象，研究了渔网的前处理方法和醇解、水解、熔融解聚三种化学回收工艺。结果显示，普通机械清洗难以去除渔网包覆的油脂和泥沙，需要采用超声清洗并搭配能够去除油脂的表面活性剂才能完成对渔网的彻底清洗；三种化学回收技术路线相比，醇解效率较低，反应体系中仍有大量未分解完的尼龙，且产物需要做进一步的脱醇转化；水解虽然能够短时间内达到较高的解聚效率，但是己内酰胺在水相中会开环生成6-氨基己酸，影响己内酰胺产率；熔融解聚无需进一步处理便可以直接获得产物己内酰胺，且单体己内酰胺纯度高、反应速率快、收率可观，相比来说是一种更好的化学回收解聚路线。更多还原

【Abstract】 Our research focused on discarded fishing nets retrieved from the ocean, studying the pre-treatment methods and three chemical recycling processes: alcoholysis, hydrolysis, and melt polycondensation. The results show that it is difficult for conventional mechanical cleaning to remove the grease and mud encapsulated by fishing nets, and ultrasonic cleaning combined with surfactants capable of removing grease is required for thoroughly cleaning. Among the three chemical recycling technologies, alcoholysis has a lower efficiency, with a significant amount of nylon not fully decomposed in the reaction system, and the products require further de-alcoholization. Hydrolysis can achieve a high degree of depolymerization in a short time, but caprolactam will undergo ring-opening to form 6-aminohexanoic acid in the aqueous phase, affecting the yield of caprolactam. Melt polycondensation, on the other hand, can directly obtain the product caprolactam without further treatment, with high purity of the monomer caprolactam, fast reaction rate, and considerable yield, making it a better depolymerization route for the chemical recycling of PA6.更多还原