【摘要】 目的 探讨普宁地区13项呼吸道病原体感染状况及其与临床指标的关系。方法 选择2023年1—12月普宁市人民医院收治的具有呼吸道感染症状的患者411例，采用国产13项呼吸道病原体多重检测试剂盒，利用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）毛细管电泳片段分析法进行病原体检测。结果 57.91%的患者至少检出一种病原体，其中鼻病毒检出率最高。腺病毒易与其他病毒发生混合感染。7种病毒的感染率在不同年龄组中比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。甲型流感病毒、季节性H3N2病毒和乙型流感病毒在秋冬阳性率较高，甲型流感病毒H1N1和呼吸道合胞病毒在春季高发，鼻病毒在夏季阳性率最高，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。有8种病原体与临床指标存在显著关联，各阳性组的部分实验室指标与对应的阴性组比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论 普宁地区呼吸道病原体感染以鼻病毒、甲型流感病毒最为常见。呼吸道病原体感染率可能因年龄和季节而异，与性别无关。了解呼吸道病原体的流行情况和与临床指标的关系有助于更有效地预防和治疗呼吸道感染。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the infection status of 13 respiratory pathogens in Puning area and their relationship with clinical indicators. Methods A total of 411 patients with respiratory infection symptoms admitted to Puning People’s Hospital from January to December 2023 were selected, and domestically produced 13 respiratory pathogen multiplex detection kits were used for pathogen detection using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) capillary electrophoresis fragment analysis. Results At least one pathogen was detected in 57.91% of patients, with the highest detection rate of rhinovirus. Adenovirus was prone to co-infection with other viruses. The infection rates of 7 viruses were compared among different age groups, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The positive rates of influenza A virus, seasonal H3N2 virus and influenza B virus were higher in autumn and winter, influenza A virus H1N1 and respiratory syncytial virus were higher in spring, and rhinovirus had the highest positivity rate in summer, with statistically significant difference(P < 0.05). 8 pathogens were significantly correlated with clinical indicators, and some laboratory indicators in each positive group were statistically different from those in the corresponding negative group(P < 0.05). Conclusion Nasovirus and influenza A virus are the most common respiratory pathogen infections in Puning area. The infection rate of respiratory pathogens may vary by age and season, regardless of gender.Understanding the prevalence of respiratory pathogens and their relationship with clinical indicators can help prevent and treat respiratory infections more effectively.更多还原