【摘要】 针对高压设备数字孪生的模型构建、信息交互、动态仿真等需求，对虚拟传感器的设计与应用技术进行了分析，虚拟传感器是具有传感器行为的计算机仿真系统，能够基于功能、结构和服务要求对复杂数字孪生系统进行解耦，降低工程应用的复杂性。文中提出虚拟传感器在高压设备数字孪生工程应用上的设计要求，给出了观测虚拟传感器、参量计算虚拟传感器和预测告警传感器的设计方法及其应用方式。研究结果表明：虚拟传感器具备组件化、服务化、易重构、可进化等优点，可作为数字孪生单元级功能组件的设计手段，解决目前工程应用中数据获取和融合困难、仿真预测算法耦合复杂等问题，支撑设备状态全面感知、趋势精准预测、风险提前预警和设备全寿命精益管理等应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 As for such demand as model construction,information interaction and dynamic simulation of digital twinning of high voltage equipment,the design and application technology of virtual sensor are analyzed. Virtual sensor is a computer simulation system with sensor behavior,which can decouple complex digital twin system based on function,structure and service requirements as well as reduce the complexity of engineering application. In this paper,the design requirements of the virtual sensor applied to the digital twin engineering of high voltage equipment are proposed,the design and application methods of the virtual sensor for observation,the virtual sensor for parameter calculation and the virtual sensor for prediction and alarm are given. The study results show that the virtual sensor has such advantages as componentization,service,easy reconfiguration and evolution,the function can be used as a digital twin cell level component design method so to solve the difficulties in data acquisition and fusion,the complicated coupling of simulation and prediction algorithms in current engineering applications,support the applications of comprehensive equipment state perception,accurate trend prediction,early risk warning and equipment life-cycle lean management.更多还原