【摘要】 为了处理油页岩炼油过程中产生的大量页岩干馏渣以及页岩干馏废水，本文对页岩干馏渣进行酸化改性，采用优化的改性条件制备了多孔吸附材料，以实现废物的资源化利用。采用X射线荧光光谱（XRF）、X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、N₂吸附-脱附等手段对所得样品进行了表征分析。将制得的吸附剂用于吸附页岩干馏废水，考察了吸附剂的改性条件、吸附剂用量、吸附温度、pH和吸附时间等因素对油去除率的影响。由XRF分析结果可知，页岩干馏渣样品的主要成分为SiO₂和Al₂O₃，含量分别为61%和23.5%。N₂吸附-脱附表征分析结果表明，酸化改性前后，页岩干馏渣的比表面积分别为59.412m²·g^-1和76.276m²·g^-1，孔径分别为3.056nm和2.271nm。吸附实验表明，酸化处理提高了页岩干馏渣的吸附性能，酸化页岩渣对油的去除率提高了22%。最佳吸附条件为：用8%硝酸酸化的页岩干馏渣吸附100mL页岩干馏废水，在55℃下吸附3h，油去除率能达到61.74%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the problem of a large amount of shale dry distillation residue and shale dry distillation wastewater generated in the oil shale refining process,this paper conducted acidification modification on shale dry distillation residue and prepared porous adsorption materials to achieve waste resource utilization.The porous materials was prepared with optimizing modification conditions,and then characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy （XRF）,X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）,and N₂adsorption-desorption.The prepared adsorbent was used to adsorb oil shale retorting wastewater.The effects of adsorbent modification conditions,adsorbent dosage,adsorption temperature,pH and adsorption time on oil removal rate were investigated.According to XRF analysis,the main components of oil shale retorting residue samples were SiO₂and Al₂O₃,with contents of 61%and 23.5%,respectively.N₂adsorption-desorption characterization analysis showed that the specific surface areas of oil shale retorting residue before and after acid modification were 59.412 m²/g and 76.276 m²/g,respectively,with pore sizes of 3.056nm and2.271nm.The adsorption test showed that acidification treatment improved the adsorption performance of oil shale retorting residue,and the removal rate of oil with acidified shale residue was increased by 22%.The optimal adsorption conditions were:8%nitric acid acidified oil shale retorting residue,100mL oil shale retortin wastewater,adsorption at 55℃for 3h,and oil removal rate reached61.74%.更多还原