【摘要】 当今世界大约90%的能量供应都是由燃烧生成的。在燃烧场中，火焰的温度影响着场中各种组分链式反应的途径和浓度，获取燃烧场温度信息可以为提高燃料燃烧效率，改进燃烧装置的设计提供重要的支撑依据。随着我国在航空、航天和航海这类高端制造业领域的不断发展，各种大型燃气轮机和超声速发动机的研发进入加速期，此类燃烧装置产生的火焰具有高温、高压、湍流超声速和持续时间短等特点。传统的接触式测温法难以对这类湍流燃烧场进行温度测量，近年以激光光谱法为代表的非接触式测温技术逐渐走向成熟，并获得了广泛地应用。与超短脉冲相结合的飞秒相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射光谱测温技术凭借可提供高时间分辨率(每秒可提供上千个测温数据)、高测温精度和高测温灵敏度等优势而被应用到各种高温、湍流等复杂燃烧场景温度诊断中。文章概述了飞秒相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射测温技术的基本原理，综述了该技术在稳态火焰、加热气体、模拟燃气轮机等燃烧环境中测温工作的研究进展，简要介绍了飞秒时间分辨相干反斯托克斯拉曼光谱的研究和应用，着重介绍了可以实现毫秒量级时间分辨率的飞秒啁啾探测脉冲相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射测温技术和混合飞秒/皮秒相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射测温技术的基本原理和应用进展。指出了三种测温技术的优缺点，并提出飞秒相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射测温技术目前需要关注并解决的技术问题，主要为在高温高压湍流燃烧等极端条件下实现高精度CARS光谱高保真反演出温度信息，以及高温高压湍流燃烧场极端条件下如何获得高信噪比CARS信号的问题。展望了今后的发展趋势：通过高时间分辨的测量，获得湍流火焰中温度的瞬时演化规律，并建立各种复杂火焰的温度演化信息数据库，为研究各种发动机机理提供支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Approximately 90% of the world’s energy supply today is generated through combustion. In a combustion field, the flame’s temperature affects the pathways and concentrations of various component chain reactions.Obtaining temperature information from the combustion field can provide important support for improving the fuel combustion efficiency and the design of combustion devices. With the continuous development of China’s high-end manufacturing industries, such as aviation, aerospace, and navigation, the research and development of various large gas turbines and supersonic engines has entered an accelerated ph. Flames generated by such combustion devices have characteristics such as high temperature, high pressure, turbulent supersonic flow, and short duration. The traditional contact temperature measurement method makes it difficult to measure the temperature of this kind of turbulent combustion field. In recent years, the non-contact temperature measurement technologies, represented by laser spectroscopy, have gradually matured and have been widely applied. Femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy temperature measurement technology combined with an ultrashort pulse has been applied to the temperature diagnosis of various high temperature, turbulence and other complex combustion scenarios due to its advantages of high time resolution(thousands of temperature measurement data per second), high-temperature measurement accuracy and high-temperature measurement sensitivity. This article outlines the basic principles of femtosecond CARS temperature measurement technology and summarizes the research progress of femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering temperature measurement technology in steady-state flames, heated gases, simulated gas turbines, and other combustion environments. The research and application of femtosecond time-resolved CARS spectroscopy are briefly introduced. The article focuses on introducing the basic principles and application progress of femtosecond chirp probe pulse CARS temperature measurement technology and hybrid femtosecond/picosecond CARS temperature measurement technology, which can millisecond-level instantaneous temperature. The advantages and disadvantages of the three temperature measurement techniques are pointed out, and the technical problems that need to be paid attention to and solved in the femtosecond CARS temperature measurement technology are proposed. It is mainly to achieve high-precision CARS spectrum high-fidelity inversion temperature information in extreme conditions of high-temperature and high-pressure turbulent combustion fields and how to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio CARS signals in extreme conditions of high-temperature and high-pressure turbulent combustion fields. The future development trend is expected to use high temporal resolution measurement to obtain the instantaneous evolution information database for various complex flames to support researching various engine mechanisms.更多还原