【摘要】 以52个远缘杂交的牡丹新品种为供试材料，通过变异系数、遗传多样性指数、主成分分析、聚类分析，对39个表型性状进行多样性分析。结果表明：牡丹新品种的39个表型性状变异丰富，变异系数范围在11.65%～125.20%，雌雄蕊瓣化程度、花型变异系数最大；多样性指数范围在0.16～1.80，花丝和柱头颜色多样性指数最高，花色表型性状丰富，有黄色、橙色、黑红色、复色等品种；提取的6个主成分因子包含了表型性状的大部分信息，株高、花、叶、花香等特征均对牡丹不同品种的差异有影响。系统聚类将52个牡丹新品种分为5类，第Ⅰ类以红、紫、橙等较深色系颜色品种为主；第Ⅱ类黄色系品种偏多；第Ⅲ类以一年生枝长、花枝数较多的品种为主；第Ⅳ类品种重瓣化程度高；第Ⅴ类品种重瓣、花径大。通过亚组间远缘杂交，增大了后代的遗传变异范围，可培育出花色新颖、花型丰富、适于各种用途的牡丹新品种。更多还原

【Abstract】 A total of 52 new cultivars of Paeonia suffruticosa cultivated by distant hybridization were used to analyze the diversity of 39 phenotypic traits,combined with the coefficient of variation,Shannon-wienter index analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results show that:abundant variations on 39 phenotypic traits were observed in new cultivars of P.suffruticosa,the coefficient of variation ranged from 11.65%～125.20%,the coefficient of variation on stamen and pistil petalization and the flower type were the largest.Besides the diversity index ranged from 0.16～1.80,the diversity index of filament color and stigma color were the highest.However the phenotypic traits of flower color were abundant,widely range of yellow,orange,black-red and multi-color varieties.Most importantly the principal component analysis showed that 6 principal component factors contained most of the information of phenotypic traits,including the plant height,flower,leaf and floral fragrance all affected the P.suffruticosa varieties.The 52 new cultivars of P.suffruticosa were divided into five groups by systematic clustering analysis.Group-Ⅰ was mainly red,purple,orange and other dark color varieties;Group-Ⅱ was mainly yellow varieties;Group-Ⅲ was mainly varieties with long annual branches and more flower branches;Group-Ⅳ varieties have high degree of double petal;Group Ⅴ was double flower type and large flower diameters.The results showed that the range of genetic variation of off-spring could be increased through the distant hybridization between subgroups,new P.suffruticosa varieties with new colors,rich flower types and adaptable types eventually could be cultivated.更多还原