【摘要】 目的 探讨河北省病毒性脑炎的流行特点及相关肠道病毒基因特征。方法 收集2019—2021年河北省病毒性脑炎病例血清或脑脊液标本，分别用ELISA和Real-time PCR方法检测常见病原体，对肠道病毒阳性的标本进行病毒分离及VP1区序列测定。结果 2019—2021年共报告692例病例，男女比例1.39∶1,15岁以下占97.54%，不同年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义（χ2=2 719.663,P<0.001）；全年均有病例散发，5-7月较多，占34.68%。肠道病毒阳性278例，检出率为40.17%，检出最多的是单纯疱疹病毒（37.71%）、肠道病毒（16.50%）、腮腺炎病毒（15.15%）。序列分析显示河北省病毒性脑炎相关肠道病毒主要是埃可病毒33型、30型、9型和柯萨奇病毒B组5型（Coxsackievirus B5,CVB5），与近年我国分离株亲缘关系较近。结论 河北省病毒性脑炎具有一定的人群及季节特征，病原体存在多样性。病毒性脑炎相关肠道病毒存在多个基因型，未发现明显变异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To exploring the epidemiological characteristics of viral encephalitis and related enterovirus gene characteristics in Hebei province. Methods The serum or cerebrospinal fluid samples from acute viral encephalitis cases in Hebei were collected from 2019 to 2021. ELISA and Real-time PCR were used to detect com-mon pathogens,virus isolation and VP1 region sequencing were performed in enterovirus positive samples. Results A total of 692 cases were collected in 2019-2021,with male to female ratio of 1.39 ∶ 1. 97.54% of the cases was younger than 15 years old. There were statistically significant differences in incidence rates between different age groups （χ2=2 719.663,P <0.001）. The cases were distributed throughout the year,with a relatively higher number of cases from May to July,accounted for 34.68%. The positive rate was 40.17% with 278 enterovirus positive cases.The most common pathogens were herpes simplex virus(37.71%),enterovirus(16.50%) and mumps virus(15.15%).Sequence analysis showed that the associated enteroviruses were mainly Echovirus 33(Echo33),Echo30,Echo9 and Coxsackievirus B5(CVB5),which were closely related to the isolates in recent years in China. Conclusion Viral encephalitis in Hebei was characterized by certain population,seasonal characteristics and pathogen diversity. There were several genotypes of viral encephalitis associated enteroviruses,and no obvious variations had been found.更多还原