【摘要】 根据郭民、史宁中教授划分的数学抽象层次理论，构建了数学抽象能力调查问卷，调查民族地区大学生数学抽象能力的发展现状。以民族地区的1824名大学生为研究对象，差异分析结果显示：民族地区大学生男生数学抽象能力要比女生好；不同民族学生数学抽象能力存在显著差异；理工类大学生要比文史类大学生数学抽象能力好。同时，结构方程模型分析结果表明：在数学抽象能力的三个维度上，“关联与构建”在“归纳与演绎”对“拓展与普适”的影响上具有中介效应。针对以上结果提出相应建议：淡化学生性别差异，转变教师对学生数学学习的信念；开发数学校本课程，加强情境对数学抽象能力的感知；促进学生多向交流，让文化促进数学抽象能力的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the theory of levels of mathematical abstraction as defined by Professor Guo Min and Shi Ningzhong, a survey questionnaire was constructed to investigate the development status of mathematical abstraction ability among university students in ethnic regions. Surveying 1824 college students from ethnic areas, the results of the differential analysis indicated that(1)the male mathematical abstract ability of college students in ethnic areas is better than that of female students,(2)there is a significant difference in the mathematical abstract ability of students from different ethnic groups, and(3)the mathematical abstract ability of science and engineering students is better than that of college students in literature and history. Additionally, the analysis results of structural equation model show that "association and construction" have an intermediary effect on the influence of "induction and interpretation" on "expansion and generalization" in the three dimensions of mathematical abstract ability, In view of the above results, corresponding suggestions are put forward:(1)diluting the gender differences of students and changing teachers’ beliefs about students’ mathematical learning,(2)developing mathematics school-based curriculum and strengthening the situational perception of mathematical abstract ability, and(3)promoting students’ multi-directional communication and promoting the development of cultural mathematical abstract ability.更多还原