【摘要】 为明确姚皋水库水质的空间变化特征及其主要影响因素，在姚皋水库流域沿岸设置20个采样点，于2022年6月在各个采样点采集一定水样并分析各项水质指标，综合运用多种统计分析的方法，利用因子分析和综合营养指数法来进行水质分析，解析姚皋水库水质的空间变化特征及其主要影响因素。研究结果表明：（1）根据综合营养指数可将姚皋水库水质聚类为4个区域：第1区靠近瓦埠湖路水库南侧和南北两侧大街处；第2区靠近瓦埠湖路水库北侧和泰康街一侧；第3区水库凹面顶点；第4区靠近泰康街最近；（2）采样点位及区域水质均为中度富营养，综合营养指数最高处为第4区域，最低处为第4区域；（3）姚皋水库水体富营养化的主要污染物是氮元素，包括硝态氮（NO₃^--N）、总氮（TN）、总溶解性氮（TDN）、氨氮（NH₄⁺-N），其次是磷元素和叶绿素a（Chl-a）;（4）水体中氮、磷元素及叶绿素a浓度均表现为除取水口外，从四周向中间逐渐降低的趋势，主成分分析表明人类活动是造成姚皋水库水质恶化的重要原因，降雨调控对库区水质调节也具有重要影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 To clarify the spatial variation characteristics and main influencing factors of water quality in Yaogao Reservoir,20 sampling points were set up along the basin of Yaogao Reservoir.In June 2022,certain water samples were collected at each sampling point and various water quality indicators were analyzed.Multiple statistical analysis methods were comprehensively used,and factor analysis and comprehensive nutritional index method were used to analyze the spatial variation characteristics and main influencing factors of water quality in Yaogao Reservoir.The research results indicate that:（1） According to the comprehensive nutritional index,the water quality of Yaogao Reservoir can be clustered into four regions:the first region is located near the south side of Wabuhu Road Reservoir and the streets on both sides of the north and south;Zone 2 is located near the north side of Wabuhu Road Reservoir and the side of Taikang Street;The vertex of the concave surface of the reservoir in Zone 3;The 4th district is closest to Taikang Street;（2） The sampling points and regional water quality are moderately eutrophic,with the highest comprehensive nutrient index being in the fourth region and the lowest being in the fourth region;（3） The main pollutants causing eutrophication in the water body of Yaogao Reservoir are nitrogen,including nitrate nitrogen （NO₃^--N）,total nitrogen （TN）,total dissolved nitrogen （TDN）,and ammonia nitrogen（NH₄⁺-N）,followed by phosphorus and chlorophyll a （Chl-a）;（4） The concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus,and chlorophyll-a in the water body show a gradually decreasing trend from the periphery to the middle,except for the water intake.Principal component analysis shows that human activities are an important cause of water quality deterioration in Yaogao Reservoir,and rainfall regulation also has an important impact on water quality regulation in the reservoir area.更多还原