【摘要】 为能简便、快速地得到兼具双面结构色效果和高疏水性的棉织物，以聚甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯（PTFEMA）胶体微球为结构单元，利用浸轧-焙烘一步法将其负载于棉织物上构筑高疏水性光子晶体生色结构。分析PTFEMA胶体微球的基本性能，探究PTFEMA胶体微球组装液质量分数对棉织物结构生色效果和疏水性的影响，并提出结构生色棉织物的疏水机制。结果表明：PTFEMA胶体微球粒径均一，单分散性优异，适宜于构筑光子晶体；当组装液质量分数为20%～30%时，通过浸轧-焙烘一步法便可制备得到结构色明显、水接触角为140°左右的棉织物；PTFEMA胶体微球因自带含—CF₃基团而具有疏水性，加之光子晶体阵列增加了棉织物的粗糙度，双重作用下使得结构生色棉织物具备高疏水性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Cotton fabrics are widely used in the textile industry due to their excellent moisture absorption and breathability. However, the hydrophilic properties of cotton fabrics may limit their application in some hydrophobic and anti-fouling clothing. The coloring and hydrophobic effects of cotton fabrics can be achieved by a one-step method, which uses hydrophobic colloidal microspheres as the basic unit of photonic crystals to construct photonic crystals with both structural colored effect and high hydrophobicity on cotton fabric. This approach not only helps to reduce the processing process, but also generates new ideas for the development of multifunctional integrated cotton fabrics. Method In this work, hydrophobic poly（trifluoroethyl methacrylate）（PTFEMA）colloidal microspheres were prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization method. The microspheres were used as the building blocks of photonic crystals. The cotton fabric with double-sided structural colored effect and high hydrophobicity was obtained by a one-step method of dipping and baking.Results The size distribution of PTFEMA colloidal microspheres synthesized by soap-free emulsion polymerization was found uniform, the particle dispersion index（PDI） was less than 0.08, the colloidal microspheres had hydrophobic functional group-CF₃, and the water contact angle can reach 98.65°. When the mass fraction of PTFEMA colloidal microsphere assembly solution was 20%-30%, the cotton fabrics with obvious color and strong hydrophobicity were able to be prepared via one step method of dipping and baking. The photonic crystal structural colored cotton fabrics showed iridescent effect, and the water contact angle reached about 140°. The results showed that the high hydrophobicity of cotton fabrics with photonic crystal structural coloration was mainly caused by two aspects, i.e., the fluorine-containing group-CF₃ carried by the PTFEMA microsphere, and the roughness of the cotton fabrics increased by the photonic crystal structural layer constructed by the PTFEMA microsphere.Conclusion Photonic crystals composed of PTFEMA colloidal microspheres with excellent monodispersion were constructed by the one-step method of dipping and baking, facilitating the color enhancement and high hydrophobicity of double-sided structure of cotton fabrics. The effect of mass fraction of PTFEMA microsphere assembly solution on the structure color and hydrophobicity of cotton fabric was studied, and the results show that 20%-30% microsphere assembly solution is suitable for forming cotton fabric with obvious structural color and high hydrophobicity. In addition, the hydrophobic mechanism of cotton fabric with photonic crystal structural coloration is discussed. It is found that the hydrophobic group-CF₃ carried by the PTFEMA colloidal microspheres, and the photonic crystal array constructed by the microspheres increase the roughness of the cotton fabric, which results in the high hydrophobicity of the structure. Therefore, the combination of the one-step method of dipping and baking, cotton fabric and photonic crystal structure can achieve the structure color of cotton fabrics and provides strategic support for the preparation of highly hydrophobic cotton fabric.更多还原