【摘要】 为建设清洁低碳、安全高效的现代能源体系，对于燃煤火电机组，国家明确规定了SO₂、NO_x等污染物的排放限值。火电机组运行过程中出现脱硫脱硝系统负荷偏差，导致污染物排放浓度超标，机组不得不减负荷运行或者停机。提出了脱硫脱硝系统的理论出力模型，可以预测电网调度指令负荷下SO₂和NO_x排放浓度。根据物料平衡计算脱硫剂石灰石和脱硝还原剂氨气的理论消耗量，判断二者供应是否充足。对比脱硫脱硝系统理论出力与实际出力，快速确定负荷偏差的原因，进而分析脱硫脱硝效率下降的影响因素，提出解决措施，使SO₂和NO_x排放浓度符合环保标准。更多还原

【Abstract】 To construct a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system, the state has clearly defined the emission limits of pollutants such as SO₂ and NO_x for coal-fired power units. The deviation of the load of FGD system occurs during the operation of thermal power units, resulting in the pollutant emission concentration exceeding the limit, and the units have to run at reduced load or shut down. A theoretical output model of the desulfurization and denitrification system is proposed, which can predict the emission concentration of SO₂ and NO_x under a specified load. By calculating the theoretical consumption of desulfurizer limestone and denitrification reducer ammonia based on material balance, the sufficiency of their supply can be judged. By comparing the theoretical output and actual output of the FGD system, the cause of the load deviation can be quickly determined, and the factors affecting the efficiency decline of desulfurization and denitrification can be analyzed, and solutions can be proposed to ensure that the system meets environmental operation standards.更多还原