【摘要】 电子枪中陶瓷的耐压性能是制约速调管向高功率方向发展的重要因素之一，而陶瓷沿面闪络的发生是影响其耐压性能的关键。根据陶瓷沿面闪络的产生机理，提出了一种新型绝缘结构，利用多组屏蔽环结构控制真空、陶瓷和金属三结合点处的电场强度，并屏蔽阴极筒发射的电子对绝缘陶瓷的轰击。仿真结果表明，所提结构可以显著降低三结合点处的电场强度，达到2.5 MV/m以下。相应结构优化方法有助于提升速调管的工作电压，且可以向其他电真空器件推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 The insulation performance of ceramics in electron guns is one of the important factors restricting the development of klystron towards high-power direction, and the occurrence of surface flashover of ceramics is the key factor affecting its insulation performance. Based on the mechanism of ceramic surface flashover, a novel insulation structure that utilizes multiple sets of shielding ring structures is proposed to control the electric field strength at the junction of vacuum, ceramic, and metal, and to shield the bombardment of insulating ceramics by electrons emitted from the support rod of the cathode. The simulation results show that the proposed structure can significantly reduce the electric field strength at the triple junction, reaching below 2.5 MV/m. The corresponding structural optimization method can help improve the operating voltage of the klystron and can be applied to other electric vacuum devices.更多还原