【摘要】 马鼻疽(Glanders)是一种由鼻疽伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia mallei)引起的急性、接触性人兽共患传染病，主要影响马、驴和骡子，被世界动物卫生组织列为必须通报动物疫病，被我国列为二类动物疫病。养马场一旦发病，将会带来巨大的经济损失，严重时会造成社会公共危害。该病尚无有效的疫苗及合适的防治制剂，执行严格的卫生措施及监测病原和抗体，进而排查和清除带菌动物是马鼻疽防控的重要措施。论文总结了近年来马鼻疽诊断方法的研究进展，包括病原检测方法、分子生物学诊断技术、变态反应和血清学监测技术，为马鼻疽诊断技术的应用与推广提供理论依据，并为新的诊断技术提供思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Glanders is an acute and contact zoonotic infectious disease, caused by the bacteria Burkholderia mallei.Horses, mules, and donkeys are natural hosts.It was classified as animal blight B by the World Organization for Animal Health and Class II by China.Once the disease occurs on a horse farm, it will bring huge economic losses, even cause social and public harm.There is no effective vaccine and suitable preparation for the disease.It is an important measure for the prevention and control of Glanders that implementing strict hygienic measures and monitoring pathogens and antibodies to identify and remove bacteria-carrying animals.In this paper, the latest research progress on diagnostic methods for Glanders was summarized, including etiological test methods, molecular biological diagnostic techniques, allergy and serological monitoring techniques.It provides the theoretical basis for the application and popularization of the diagnostic techniques of Glanders.It also provides ideas for the development of new diagnostic techniques.更多还原