【摘要】 本试验旨在探究补饲植物精油复合三丁酸甘油酯对大肠杆菌攻毒小鼠生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力及肠道形态的影响。选用4周龄、初始体重为（20±2） g的无特定病原体（SPF）级昆明（KM）雌性小鼠150只，随机分为5组，每组3个重复，每个重复10只小鼠。对照组和攻毒组饲喂基础饲粮；3个试验组分别在基础饲粮的基础上，用灌胃的方式补饲60 mg/kg植物精油+3.5 g/kg三丁酸甘油酯（试验Ⅰ组）、80 mg/kg植物精油+3.5 g/kg三丁酸甘油酯（试验Ⅱ组）和100 mg/kg植物精油+3.5 g/kg三丁酸甘油酯（试验Ⅲ组）。试验期21 d。试验第15天，对照组小鼠腹腔注射磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）溶液，其余4组小鼠均腹腔注射大肠杆菌培养液（0.8×108CFU/mL）。结果表明：1）试验第1～7天，与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ组小鼠平均日增重显著提高（P<0.05）；试验第15～21天，与攻毒组相比，试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组平均日增重显著提高（P<0.05）。2）攻毒后第1、3、5和7天，与对照组相比，攻毒导致小鼠血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著提高（P<0.05），血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量显著降低（P<0.05）；补饲植物精油复合三丁酸甘油酯可以显著降低攻毒小鼠血清IL-1β和TNF-α含量（P<0.05），并显著提高血清IgA、IgG、IgM、IL-4和IL-10含量（P<0.05）。3）与对照组相比，攻毒导致小鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著降低（P<0.05），血清丙二醛（MDA）和活性氧（ROS）含量显著提高（P<0.05）；补饲植物精油复合三丁酸甘油酯可显著提高攻毒小鼠血清SOD和CAT活性（P<0.05），并显著降低血清MDA和ROS含量（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，攻毒导致小鼠十二指肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）值显著降低（P<0.05），隐窝深度显著提高（P<0.05）；补饲植物精油复合三丁酸甘油酯可显著提高攻毒小鼠十二指肠绒毛高度和V/C值（P<0.05），显著降低隐窝深度（P<0.05）。综上所述，在大肠杆菌攻毒下，补饲植物精油复合三丁酸甘油酯能够缓解小鼠机体炎症反应和肠道屏障损伤，维持肠道健康，提高机体免疫功能和抗氧化能力，改善生长性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was conducted to investigate the effects of plant essential oil combined with tributyrin on growth performance,immune function,antioxidant capacity and intestinal morphology of mice challenged with Escherichia coli. A total of 150 specific pathogen-free(SPF)Kunming(KM)female mice of 4-week-old with an initial body weight of(20±2)g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10mice per replicate. Mice in the control group and challenge group were fed a basal diet,and those in the three experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 60 mg/kg plant essential oil+3.5 g/kg tributyrin(test groupⅠ),80 mg/kg plant essential oil+3.5 g/kg tributyrin(test groupⅡ)and 100 mg/kg plant essential oil+3.5 g/kg tributyrin(test groupⅢ)by intragastric administration,respectively. The experiment lasted for 21 days. On day 15 of the experiment,mice in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with phosphate buffer(PBS)solution,and those in the other 4 groups were intraperitoneally injected with Escherichia coli culture solution(0.8×108CFU/mL). The results showed as follows:1)on days 1 to 7,compared with the control group,the average daily gain of mice in test groupⅠwas significantly increased(P<0.05);on days 15 to 21,compared with the challenge group,the average daily gain in test groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly increased(P<0.05). 2)On days 1,3,5 and 7 after challenge,compared with the control group,the challenge significantly increased the serum contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the serum contents of immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM),interleukin-4(IL-4)and interleukin-10(IL-10)(P<0.05);supplementation of plant essential oil combined with tributyrin significantly reduced the serum contents of IL-1βand TNF-αof challenged mice(P<0.05),and significantly increased the serum contents of IgA,IgG,IgM,IL-4 and IL-10(P<0.05). 3)Compared with the control group,the challenge significantly decreased the activities of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)of mice(P<0.05),and significantly increased the serum contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)(P<0.05);supplementation of plant essential oil combined with tributyrin significantly increased the activities of SOD and CAT in serum of challenged mice(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the serum contents of MDA and ROS(P<0.05). 4)Compared with the control group,the challenge significantly reduced the villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio(V/C)in duodenum of mice(P<0.05),and significantly increased the crypt depth(P<0. 05);supplementation of plant essential oil combined with tributyrin significantly increased the villus height and V/C in duodenum of challenged mice(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the crypt depth(P<0.05). In conclusion,under the challenge of Escherichia coli,supplementing plant essential oil combined with tributyrin can alleviate the inflammatory response and intestinal barrier damage of mice,maintain the intestinal health,improve the immune function and antioxidant capacity,and improve the growth performance.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(1):592-601]更多还原