【摘要】 流星体注入地球空间给地球带来外部物质并影响地球空间环境.为了探知流星体对空间环境的影响，需获取不同类型流星体及其在地球大气中产生系列现象的特征.本文介绍近期研制建设的流星不均匀体多波段探测系统.该系统设计采用光学大范围成像和无线电相控阵雷达与双基地全天空雷达主动探测，实现对不同尺寸流星体坠入地球高空大气/电离层后的烧蚀、蒸发和电离到流星不均匀体产生与演化等系列过程探测.通过开发多种探测模式和相应的数据分析反演算法，获取流星体速度、质量、成分和星际来源、流星等离子体头和等离子体尾迹不均匀体的空间精细结构与演化以及低电离层“瞬时”风场等多参量信息.利用该系统观测数据，对流星体及其产生的流星等离子体头、等离子体尾迹场向和非场向不均匀体、流星闪耀和尘埃不均匀体以及电离层不均匀体等开展了初步研究.更多还原

【Abstract】 Meteoroids entering the Earth’s atmosphere lose most of their mass during atmospheric passage and considerably disturb the background ionosphere. To elucidate better the effects of meteoroids on the near-Earth space environment, it is important to simultaneously observe various meteoroids and their related phenomena in the Earth’s atmosphere. This study briefly describes a newly developed Meteor and ionospheric Irregularity Observation System(MIOS), which consists of a phased-array radar, a bi-static all-sky radar, and a multi-station optical imaging and spectroscopy subsystem. The MIOS can capture the processes of ablation and evaporation of meteoroids, creating luminous and ionization trails, and measure the properties of both the meteor trail and its corresponding meteoroid within a large field of view. Based on the MIOS, some observational modes and data processing methods have been developed, where the physical and chemical properties of meteoroids(including their velocity, mass, composition, and source region), meteor plasma head and trail irregularity and their structural evolution, and the instantaneous neutral wind can be obtained. Using the MIOS measurements, a preliminary study of some of the characteristics of meteoroids, meteor plasma head, meteor plasma trail field –aligned and nonfield–aligned irregularities, meteor flare and dust trail irregularity, and ionospheric irregularity is presented.更多还原