【摘要】 本文通过在中国气象局BCC-AGCM3-MR(middle-atmosphere version of Beijing Climate Center Atmospheric General Circulation Model version 3)数值模式中引入非静力地形重力波参数化方案，研究非静力效应对次网格地形重力波垂直动量传输及大气环流的影响.本研究开展了两组次网格地形重力波参数化方案试验，分别采用原有的静力地形重力波参数化方案以及考虑非静力效应的新方案.结果表明，在南半球冬季，新方案相比原方案在南极地区将更多的地形重力波动量通量上传至平流层高层，产生更强的地形重力波拖曳.地形重力波拖曳经向梯度的增强导致更强的绝热下沉增温，从而减弱南极极涡的冷偏差和西风偏差.此外，南半球中高纬地区的行星Rossby波上传也增强，同样有利于极涡西风偏差的减少.在两者共同作用下，有效缓解了模式中的南极极涡破碎延迟问题.在北半球冬季，新方案对大尺度环流的整体影响并不显著，但是能够显著改善青藏高原复杂地形区的东风偏差.更多还原

【Abstract】 This work studies the impacts of nonhydrostatic effects on the vertical transport of subgrid orographic gravity wave momentum and atmospheric circulation by implementing the nonhydrostatic orographic gravity wave parameterization scheme in BCC-AGCM3-MR model(middle-atmosphere version of Beijing Climate Center Atmospheric General Circulation Model version 3). Two sets of numerical experiments are conducted using different subgrid orographic gravity wave parameterization schemes, namely, the original hydrostatic orographic gravity wave parameterization scheme and the new nonhydrostatic one. The results show that in the winter of Southern Hemisphere, the new scheme transports more orographic gravity wave momentum flux to the upper stratosphere than the original scheme in Antarctic, resulting in stronger orographic gravity wave drag. The enhancement of the meridional gradient of orographic gravity wave drag leads to stronger adiabatic sinking and warming in the polar region, thereby weakening the cold and westerly wind biases. In addition, the upward propagation of planetary Rossby waves in the mid-high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere is enhanced, which contributes to the reduction of the westerly wind biases of the polar vortex as well. Both help alleviate the delayed breakdown of the simulated Antarctic vortex. In the winter of Northern Hemisphere, the overall impact of the new scheme on the large-scale circulation is not significant, but it can prominently reduce the easterly wind bias in the complex terrain region of Tibetan Plateau.更多还原