【摘要】 凌家滩遗址出土的玉龟和玉龟形器应为壁悬式“玉铃”，除玉签以外，玉管亦可为铃舌；玉版可单独使用，亦可与玉铃配合使用。红山文化玉臂饰、斜口筒形器亦应为玉铃，玉管、玉管珠为铃舌；兽面纹牌饰、勾云形器为玉版。凌家滩、红山文化的玉铃、玉版应是巫师在祭祀、乐舞、占卜、医药等行为场景中悬、佩、持的巫具组合。玉铃、玉版的巫具组合，可能是二里头文化铜铃、铜牌巫具组合的原型。更多还原

【Abstract】 The jade turtles and turtle-shaped jade objects unearthed at the Lingjiatan site were likely suspended "jade bells",where jade tubes,in addition to jade sticks,could function as bell clappers.Jade plaques could be used independently or in combination with jade bells.Similarly,jade arm ornaments and slanted cylindrical objects from the Hongshan Culture are also believed to be jade bells,with jade tubes and tube beads serving as clappers.The beast-faced plaques and cloud-shaped objects correspond to jade plaques.Jade bells and plaques from Lingjiatan and Hongshan likely formed part of ritual tools used by shamans in ceremonies,dances,divination,and healing.This combination of ritual tools may have been the prototype for the bronze bell and plaque sets seen in the Erlitou Culture.更多还原