【摘要】 目的：对紫红獐牙菜进行化学成分研究，并对分离得到的1,5,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基(口山)酮、獐牙菜苦苷进行降糖活性筛选。方法：采用硅胶、ODS、MCI等柱层析方法对紫红獐牙菜化学成分进行分离纯化，根据薄层色谱、波谱数据进行化学成分的分析鉴定；使用四氧嘧啶诱导1型糖尿病小鼠，以二甲双胍为阳性药，通过检测小鼠体质量变化情况、饮食量、饮水量及血糖情况评价化合物的降糖活性。结果：从紫红獐牙菜正丁醇部分共分离到7个化合物，分别鉴定为：1,5,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基(口山)酮（1）、1,7-二羟基-3,4,8-三甲氧基(口山)酮（2）、獐牙菜苦苷（3）、7-О-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1,8-二羟基-3-甲氧基(口山)酮（4）、当药苦酯苷（5）、7-O-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→2）-β-D-吡喃木糖]-1,8-二羟基-3-甲氧基(口山)酮（6）、芒果苷（7）。降糖活性结果表明，1,5,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基(口山)酮能显著降低糖尿病小鼠的饮食量、饮水量及血糖浓度，降糖效果与二甲双胍相当，改善饮食量、饮水量的情况优于二甲双胍。结论：化合物6为首次从该植物中分离得到；1,5,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基(口山)酮能显著改善糖尿病小鼠“三多一少”症状中饮食增多、饮水增多的情况，具有较强的降糖活性，且该单体化合物产率较高，有望成为降糖的天然药物或保健产品。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents of Swertia punicea and screen the hypoglycemic activity of 1, 5, 8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone and swertiamarin. Methods: The chemical constituents of S. punicea were isolated and purified using column chromatography techniques, including silica gel, ODS, and MCI. The chemical constituents were identified and characterized through thin-layer chromatography and spectroscopic data. The hypoglycemic activity was evaluated using alloxan-induced type 1diabetic mice, with metformin serving as a positive control. The effects of the compounds on changes of body mass, food intake, water consumption, and blood glucose levels were assessed. Results: Seven compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of S.punicea, identified as 1, 5, 8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(1), 1, 7-dihydroxy-3, 4, 8-trimethoxyxanthone(2), swertiamarin(3),7-О-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1, 8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(4), amarogentin(5), 7-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-Dxylopyranosyl]-1, 8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(6), mangiferin(7). The results of hypoglycemic activity showed that 1, 5, 8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone significantly reduced food intake, water consumption, and blood glucose levels in diabetic mice, with hypoglycemic effects comparable to metformin, and superior improvement in food and water intake. Conclusion: Compound 6 was isolated from this plant for the first time. The compound 1, 5, 8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone significantly ameliorated the symptoms of increased food and water intake in diabetic mice, exhibiting potent hypoglycemic activity. Given its high yield, it shows potential as a natural antidiabetic drug or health product.更多还原