【摘要】 家庭对个体的制约是国内外行为研究的重要议题，然而缺乏大规模数据及效应测算。论文在既有研究的基础上，提出家庭对通勤距离的制约指数(下称制约指数)，用以定量衡量家庭制约对成员个体通勤距离的影响，并以武汉市都市发展区为例，运用2019年6月联通手机信令数据，通过社会网络模型进行家庭样本识别并检验，计算家庭对不同年龄、性别、单多职工成员的制约指数，定量分析家庭制约对个体通勤行为的影响效应。研究发现：首先，家庭对男、女性成员通勤距离都有明显的制约作用，女性的制约指数均为“正向制约”，即受到家庭制约女性的通勤距离小于无家庭制约的女性，而多职工家庭男性的制约指数多为“负向制约”，即受到家庭制约男性的通勤距离大于无家庭制约的男性，总体上女性较男性受到家庭的制约作用更强，多职工家庭男性所受到的制约作用最弱；其次，从制约指数与年龄段的关系来看，单职工家庭女性的制约指数随年龄逐渐提升，并与多职工家庭女性逐渐持平，单职工家庭男性的制约指数多为负值，多职工家庭女性的制约指数也是随年龄逐渐提升，而多职工家庭男性的制约指数则稳定在0.03左右。研究基于大数据所提出的方法为以家庭成员为对象的通勤行为研究拓展了思路，同时为开展各类家庭制约理论研究以及家庭影响个体行为的精细化建模提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Family constraints on individuals are an important topic in behavioral research in China and internationally,yet large-scale data and effect measurements are lacking. Based on existing studies, this research proposed a family constraint index on commuting distance(hereafter referred to as the constraint index) to quantitatively measure the effect of family constraints on individual members’ commuting distance. Taking the Wuhan Metropolitan Development Area as an example, the June, 2019 Unicom cell phone signaling data were used to identify the family samples through the social network model, calculate the constraint index of the family on members of different ages, genders, and single-multiple workers, and quantitatively analyze the effect of family constraints on individual commuting behaviors. The study found that, first, the family has obvious constraints on the commuting distance of both male and female members, and the constraints of females are all positive, that is,the commuting distance is smaller for females with family constrains than those with no family constraints,whereas the constraint of males in multi-employee families are mostly negative, that is, the commuting distance for males with family constrains is greater than those with no family constraints. So women are generally more constrained by their families than men, and men in multi-worker households are the least constrained. The constraint index of females in single-worker households increases with age, and gradually converges with that of females in multi-worker households, while the constraint index of males in multi-worker households is stable at around 0.03. The proposed method based on big data expands the approaches for the study of commuting behavior with family members as the target, and provides references for various theoretical studies on family constraints, as well as the refined modeling of family influences on individual behaviors.更多还原