【摘要】 水电用钢作为高转速、高效率、大容量水力发电机组的核心材料，其强化机制与焊接特性是当前研究的重点和热点。对近年来水电用钢的发展现状进行概述，深入分析其化学成分、组织性能及各种强化机制对强度的影响。研究发现，细晶强化、固溶强化、位错强化和第二相强化均能有效提高水电用钢的强度。同时，还详细探讨了水电高强钢焊接接头的裂纹倾向、焊缝金属与母材的强韧性匹配机制以及热影响区的性能变化等焊接性特点。这一研究不仅为水电用钢的性能优化提供了理论依据，也为相关领域的技术进步提供了有力支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the core material for high-speed, high-efficiency, and high-capacity hydropower generator units, the strengthening mechanism and welding characteristics of hydropower steel are currently the focus of research. This paper summarizes the recent development of hydropower steel, deeply analyzes its chemical composition, microstructure, and properties, as well as the impact of various strengthening mechanisms on its strength. It is found that fine-grain strengthening, solidsolution strengthening, dislocation strengthening, and second-phase strengthening can effectively enhance the strength of hydropower steel. Additionally, this paper discusses in detail the crack tendency of welded joints of hydropower high-strength steel, the matching mechanism of weld metal and base metal’s strength and toughness, as well as the performance changes in the heat-affected zone. This research not only provides theoretical support for optimizing the performance of hydropower steel, but also provides strong support for technological advancements in related fields.更多还原