【摘要】 根据南沙海域2018—2019年鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)灯光罩网渔获数据和海表温度(sea surface temperature, SST)遥感数据，研究SST对鸢乌贼资源变动的影响。经验正交函数分析(empirical orthogonal function, EOF)显示南沙海域SST季节变化明显，月均值在年内呈双峰型变化，峰值出现在5—6月和10月。2019年南沙海域发生厄尔尼诺，SST高温频率升高，年均值较2018年升高0.3℃。2018年鸢乌贼的单位捕捞努力量渔获量(catch per unit effort, CPUE)为春季(3—5月)高，夏季(6—7月)低，2019年CPUE为冬季(2月)高，夏季(6月)低。广义相加模型(generalized additive model, GAM)显示，月份、SST、纬度和经度4个因子对CPUE的总偏差解释度为55.0%,其中月份与SST的偏差解释度大于其他因子。鸢乌贼群体的适宜温度为27.5～29.5℃,SST超过29.5℃会导致CPUE降低。鸢乌贼渔场集中分布于10°N—12°N、113°E—116°E,各月渔场重心随温度发生变化，低温时东移，高温时西移。更多还原

【Abstract】 The influence of sea surface temperature(SST) on the resource change of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in Nansha Sea area was studied based on the catch data and remote sensing data of SST in 2018 and 2019. Empirical orthogonal function(EOF) results showed that the seasonal variation of the SST was obvious and the monthly variability showed a bimodal pattern. Peaks mainly appeared in May-June and October. In 2019, El Ni1o occurred in the Nansha Sea area, and the high temperature frequency of SST increased, and the annual average temperature value increased by 0.3 ℃ compared with 2018. The catch per unit effort(CPUE) of S. oualaniensis was higher in spring(from March to May)but lower in summer(from June to July) in 2018, while it was higher in winter(February) and lower in summer(June) in 2019.The optimal generalized additive model(GAM) consisted of four factors: month, SST, latitude and longitude, and the total deviation of CPUE was interpreted as 55.0%, in which the deviation of month and SST was explained more than other factors. 27.5 ℃-29.5 ℃ was suitable for the distribution of S. oualaniensis and the CPUE would be reduced by higher temperatures. The fishing ground of S. oualaniensis was distributed in 10°N-12°N, 113°E-116°E, and the center of the fishing ground changed with temperature in each month, shifting eastward when warming up, and westward when cooling down.更多还原