【摘要】 提高农田生态系统养分利用效率、降低土壤N₂O排放是农业绿色可持续发展的重要任务。本研究利用盆栽试验探讨了原花青素、单宁酸等植物提取物对北方石灰性土壤油菜（Brassica chinensis L.）生物量、N₂O排放以及氮素利用率的影响。试验设计了单施尿素（UR）、尿素+低量原花青素（PC1）、尿素+高量原花青素（PC2）、尿素+低量单宁酸（TA1）和尿素+高量单宁酸（TA2）5个处理，采用静态箱技术测定了各处理N₂O排放。结果表明：与UR处理相比，（1）PC1、PC2、TA1和TA2处理提高了油菜的产量（增幅为7.9%～17.9%）及含氮量（增幅为10.3%～23.2%）;（2）显著降低了土壤NO₂^-和NO₃^-等无机氮含量；（3）PC1、PC2、TA1和TA2等处理均显著降低了油菜生育期N₂O排放量，其中原花青素处理N₂O减排率为28.1%～33%，单宁酸处理的减排率为32.9%～41.5%;（4）油菜的氮素利用率提高了5.0%～9.7%。综上所述，在北方石灰性土壤施用原花青素、单宁酸不仅显著降低了N₂O排放，还有助于提高油菜的产量和氮素利用率，这为富含原花青素、单宁酸等植物提取物的绿色循环利用与北方石灰性农田土壤N₂O减排相结合提供了新思路和新途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is important for the green and sustainable development of agriculture to improve the nutrient use efficiency of farmland ecosystem and reduce soil N₂O emission.In this study,the effects of plant extracts such as procyanidins and tannic acid were investigated on plant biomass,N₂O emission and nitrogen use efficiency in pot experiments of rape grown in northern China calcareous soil.A total of five treatments were designed including UR（UR）,UR+low procyanidins （PC1）,UR+high procyanidins （PC2）,UR+low tannic acid （TA1） and UR+high tannic acid （TA2）.The results showed that procyanidins and tannic acid treatments increased the rape yield by 7.9%-17.9%and nitrogen content by 10.3%-23.2%compared to the UR.Procyanidins and tannic acid treatments significantly inhibited the content of inorganic nitrogen such as NO₂^-and NO₃^-in the soil.Procyanidins and tannic acid treatments significantly reduced N₂O emission during the growth period of rape.The reduction of N₂O affected by the procyanidins was 28.1%-33%,and was 32.9%-41.5%by the tannic acid treatments.The nitrogen use efficiency of rape was increased by 5.0%-9.7%.In summary,the application of procyanidins and tannic acid in calcareous soil not only significantly reduced N₂O emissions,but also helped to improve the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rape.This study provided a novel idea for the simultaneously realization of the green recycling of plant extracts such as procyanidins and tannic acid together with the N₂O emission reduction in calcareous farmland soil in northern China.更多还原