【摘要】 从马克思主义视角讨论技术问题，是技术哲学的一个重要学术方向。推动技术马克思主义研究，就是把它建构为一种技术哲学传统或方法。虽然当代西方技术哲学把马克思视为第一代技术哲学家，但实际上各种学派或观点为经典马克思主义提供了一种万花筒式的思想定位。从历史唯物主义来说，对技术问题的哲学反思不外乎技术作用的确定性和技术的社会关系这两条路线。经典马克思主义在第一条路线上接近于在长期历史中强调技术的优先性，在第二条路线上对技术资本主义给予批判并展望技术积累对共产主义的历史意义。在当代西方技术哲学语境下，西方马克思主义的技术哲学把这两条路线分别展示为分析的技术哲学和批判的技术哲学，倾向于一种内在于资本主义的技术政治哲学话语建构。中国化时代化的马克思主义是在现实的社会主义中将这两种路线统一起来，进行一种技术社会主义的实践-理论建构：以技术作用的确定性为中国特色社会主义设置现代化议题，以技术的社会关系为实现这种现代化议题提供推动力，以便逐步走向一种自治的技术社会主义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Discussing technology from a Marxist perspective is an important academic direction in technology philosophy.To promote Marxist study of technology, it is essential to construct it as a philosophical paradigm of technology. Marx is viewed by contemporary western philosophy of technology as the first generation of technology philosophers, but the west with various schools or viewpoints actually provides a kaleidoscopic thought for classical Marxism. According to the historical materialism, philosophical reflection on technology issues can be divided into both the certainty of technology functioning and the social relationship of technology. For classical Marxism, the priority of technology in a long period of history was emphasized on the former line, and the tech-capitalism was criticized and the historical significance of technological accumulation for communism revealed on the latter line. For western Marxist philosophy of technology, these two lines are presented respectively as analytical and critical philosophies of technology, towards a construction of tech-political philosophy that is intrinsic to capitalism. Unlike this, Chinese Marxism in a new era is practically and theoretically being constructed by uniting these two routes in the real socialism, that is, to set modernization agenda for socialism with Chinese characteristics based on the certainty of technology functioning, and to provide driving forces for achieving such modernization through the social relations of technology, so as to gradually move towards an autonomous tech-socialism.更多还原