【摘要】 电致变色材料具有在外电场下光响应性质可逆变化的特性，由于其响应可控、能耗小、多波段可兼容等优势在光热管理应用方面极具发展潜力。然而，传统的电致变色材料存在调控慢、变色单一、调控波段窄的局限性，限制了电致变色技术的进一步发展。近年来，微纳结构化的电致变色材料实现了循环性能改善、灵活的响应光谱选择性等优势，成为一种行之有效的调控手段并引起了研究者重点关注。本文介绍了电致变色器件（ECD）的基本结构，并围绕扩散动力学、结构色设计、局域表面等离激元共振机理对近几年ECD结构设计的研究进展进行重点论述，分析了多波段兼容响应ECD潜在的应用前景。最后，总结了电致变色材料目前面临的挑战并展望其未来发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Electrochromic materials are capable of change reversibly inoptical properties under an applied electric field. Due to controllable response,low energy consumption and multispectral modulation, the development potential of electrochromic materials for applications in optical and thermal management is enormous. However, conventional electrochromic materials have some noticeable problems such as slow regulation,single color change, and narrow regulation band, which hinder the further development of electrochromic technology. In recent years,nanostructured electrochromic materials have achieved advantages such as improved cycling performance and flexible response spectral selectivity, becoming an effective modulation method and attracting significant attention from researchers. This review summarizes the basic structure and research progress of structural design based on mechanisms such as diffusion kinetics, structural color design and localized surface plasmon resonance of electrochromic devices( ECDs) in recent years. It also discussed the potential applications of multispectral modulation ECDs, and finally proposed the main challenges of electrochromic materials and the future development directions.更多还原