【摘要】 针对单一减振材料无法兼具高阻尼与高刚度的弊端，本工作提出了一种新的复合材料，即将三维空间网状结构的金属橡胶(EMWM)作为基体，聚氨酯(PU)作为增强体，并采用真空渗流的方式制备了具有高阻尼与高刚度的金属橡胶-聚氨酯(EMWM-PU)复合材料。通过EMWM与EMWM-PU复合材料的准静态压缩试验，发现界面摩擦的引入使得EMWM-PU复合材料的耗能与刚度特性得到显著提升。此外搭建了复合材料管路减振测试平台，以平均振动加速度级和插入损失作为评价指标，研究了EMWM密度、激振量级、安装时的预紧间距对管路减振性能的影响。结果表明，EMWM-PU复合材料在5～1 000 Hz频段范围内均具有优异的减振效果，且复合材料中基体材料EMEM的密度越小、安装时的预紧间距越大，减振效果越好。本研究有效拓宽了复合材料的应用范围，也为金属橡胶复合材料的设计和应用提供了有效的指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the present work, a novel entangled metallic wire material-polyurethane(EMWM-PU) composite was developed through the vacuum infiltration method with the entangled metallic wire material(EMWM) as the matrix and polyurethane as the reinforcement. By comparing the quasistatic compression properties of EMWM and EMWM-PU composites, it was found that the composites exhibited excellent energy consumption and stiffness properties due to the interfacial friction. The pipeline test platform was built, and the vibration acceleration level and insertion loss were used as evaluation indexes. In addition, the effects of EMWM density, excitation levels and preload on the vibration damping performance of the pipeline were studied in detail. The results showed that the EMWM-PU composites have excellent vibration reduction effect in the frequency band of 5—1 000 Hz, and the smaller of the matrix density and the larger the preload during installation, the better the vibration reduction effect. This study provides effective guidance for the design and application of EMWM composites.更多还原