【摘要】 聚氨酯材料因具有优异的综合性能而得到了广泛应用，但是其在使用过程中不可避免地会产生微裂纹等结构破坏，而自修复技术是解决这一问题的有效方案。本文阐述了非本征型和本征型自修复的机理，重点综述了本征型自修复材料的设计方法和研究进展，讨论了不同设计方法对材料自修复性能、力学性能等的影响，最后针对自修复材料自修复性能和力学性能的平衡问题，探讨了复合型自修复体系的可行性、设计思路和最新进展，提出了复合型自修复材料是今后的一大发展趋势，并展望了自修复材料面临的挑战和发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Owing to their excellent comprehensive properties, polyurethane materials have been extensively used in commercial applications. However, such materials inevitably undergo structural damage such as microcracks during their service life. Recently, self-healing technology has been proposed as a feasible solution to this problem. Therefore, in this paper, the mechanisms of extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing materials are reviewed by focusing on the latest research progress and methods for designing intrinsic self-healing materials. The influences of different design methods on the self-healing and mechanical properties of the materials are discussed.Subsequently, aiming to address the difficulty in achieving a balance between self-healing and the mechanical properties of self-healing materials, composite self-healing materials have been proposed as a major development trend of the future, and therefore, the feasibility, design concepts, and latest research progress of such composite self-hea-ling systems are discussed and analyzed. Finally, current challenges and future development directions are summarized.更多还原