【摘要】 海底热液硫化物的同位素组成不仅可以示踪其来源，也记录了流体及其沉淀过程。本文分析了全球海底热液硫化物的金属（铅、铼、锇、铁、铜、锌）、非金属（硫）及其流体包裹体中的稀有气体同位素组成，探讨了硫化物中金属、非金属和稀有气体同位素组成之间的关系。结果表明：海底热液硫化物中的硫同位素组成与锇、铁同位素组成之间，铁同位素组成与铅和氦同位素组成之间，存在负相关性；其锇同位素组成与铁同位素组成之间，氙同位素组成与铅、锇同位素组成之间，则存在正相关性。在岩浆去气注入流体阶段形成的硫化物，具δ³⁴S_VCDT值较低（约0‰）,³He/⁴He（>8 Ra）、⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar（>300）和¹²⁹Xe/¹³²Xe（>0.99）值较高的特点。在流体-岩石相互作用阶段，随着岩石中含铅矿物的不断溶解，即流体-岩石相互作用程度的增加，流体中沉淀的黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿的铅质量分数增加，伴随²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值轻微的减小。在流体-海水混合阶段，海水影响的加剧可使硫化物中的锇质量分数(约0×10^-9)急剧降低，δ⁵⁷Fe值（<—1.6‰）、¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os值（>1）明显增大；随着流体-海水混合作用的增强，硫化物中黄铁矿的δ³⁴S_VCDT值将随着其流体包裹体中³He/⁴He、⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar、¹²⁹Xe/¹³²Xe值轻微降低而升高，而其³He/⁴He值随着其¹³⁰Xe/¹³²Xe值的降低而降低。以上表明，通过综合分析海底硫化物中金属、非金属和稀有气体的同位素组成和其质量分数，并讨论它们之间的关系，可以揭示岩浆去气、流体-岩石相互作用和流体-海水混合对海底热液循环的影响，进而了解硫化物沉淀过程中流体-岩石相互作用和流体-海水混合的程度。更多还原

【Abstract】 The isotopic composition of seafloor hydrothermal sulfides can not only trace their sources but also record the fluids and their precipitation processes. This article analyzes the isotopic compositions of metals（lead, rhenium, osmium, iron, copper, zinc）, non-metal（sulfur）, and rare gases in fluid inclusions of global seafloor hydrothermal sulfides, and explores the relationship between the isotopic compositions of metals, non-metal, and rare gases in sulfides. The results indicate that there is a negative correlation between sulfur isotopic composition and osmium, iron isotopic compositions, as well as between iron, lead, and helium isotopic compositions in seafloor hydrothermal sulfides. There is a positive correlation between osmium isotopic composition and iron isotopic composition, and between xenon isotopic composition and lead, osmium isotopic compositions. During the stage of magma degassing and material injecting fluid, sulfides are formed with the characteristics of low δ³⁴S_VCDT values（about 0‰） and high ³He/⁴He（>8 Ra）, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar（>300）, and ¹²⁹Xe/¹³²Xe（>0.99） ratios. In the stage of fluid-rock interaction, as lead-containing minerals in the rock continue to dissolve, i.e., the degree of fluid-rock interaction increases, the lead content of pyrite, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite precipitated in the fluid increases, accompanied by a slight decrease in the ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios. In the fluid-seawater mixing stage, with the increase of seawater influence degree, the Os content(about 0×10^-9) in sulfides can sharply decreased, and the δ⁵⁷Fe value（<-1.6‰）, the ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratio（>1） significantly increases; With the enhancement of fluid-seawater mixing degree, the δ³⁴S_VCDT values of pyrite in sulfides will increase with a slight decrease in the ³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, and ¹²⁹Xe/¹³²Xe ratios in its fluid inclusions, while their ³He/⁴He ratios will decrease with a decrease in its ¹³⁰Xe/¹³²Xe ratios. The above indicates that by comprehensively analyzing the isotopic composition and content of metals, non-metal, and rare gases, and discussing their relationships, the effects of magma degassing, fluid-rock interaction, and fluid-seawater mixing on seafloor hydrothermal circulation can be revealed, and the degree of fluid-rock interaction and fluid-seawater mixing during sulfide precipitation can be understood.更多还原