【摘要】 目的：基于《国际功能、残疾和健康分类—儿童青少年版(ICF-CY)》对儿童青少年功能与健康的分类架构，厘清身体活动干预改善儿童青少年焦虑及其相关健康结局的效益，探究可调节干预效果的身体活动干预要素，并明确该领域未来研究方向和发展趋势。方法：检索Web of Science、MEDLINE、EMbase和中国知网等数据库，根据纳入与排除标准筛选文献，对文献进行质量评价与信息提取，使用Stata17.0软件进行Meta分析并依据ICF-CY理论框架对所涉及的研究指标进行分类及汇总。结果：共26篇文献纳入综述，其中18篇纳入Meta分析。Meta分析结果表明，身体活动干预可显著降低儿童青少年的焦虑水平(Hedges’g=-0.31,P<0.01);亚组分析显示，中高强度身体活动、≥2种身体活动类型、≥3次/周、≥45 min/次、持续≥8周等方案的干预效果显著。身体活动干预可降低焦虑儿童青少年的抑郁水平(Hedges’g=-0.28,P=0.07),并提高其生活质量(Hedges’g=0.60,P=0.06),但结果不具有统计学意义。纳入文献涉及健康相关研究指标共189个。参照ICF-CY编码框架，143个(75.66%)属身体结构和功能维度，46个(24.34%)属活动和参与维度。结论：1)身体活动干预显著降低儿童青少年焦虑水平，且强度、频率、单次时长、周期、规模和方式等干预要素对改善效果具有调节作用。2)现有围绕改善儿童青少年焦虑展开的身体活动干预研究侧重从身体功能维度验证即时干预效果，而较少对身体结构、活动和参与维度的改变及长期干预效果进行深入探究。未来该领域研究需进一步优化，尤其要关注身体结构和功能、活动和参与维度共同组成的健康全貌，最终全面、长效改善儿童青少年焦虑及其他相关健康状况。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives: To examine the effects of physical activity interventions on reducing anxiety and improving health among children and adolescents, this study aims to explore the moderating factors that regulate the anti-anxiety effects of physical activity interventions, and identify future research directions and trends in improving overall health in children and adolescents based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health for the Children and Youth(ICF-CY). Methods: Retrieving databases such as Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMbase, and CNKI to screen literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study evaluated the quality of the literature and extracted information, performed meta-analysis using Stata17.0 software, and classified and summarized the research indicators based on the ICF-CY framework. Results: A total of 26 articles were included in the systematic review, with 18 articles being included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results indicated that physical activity interventions significantly reduced the anxiety level among children and adolescents(Hedges’ g=-0.31, p<0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that interventions with moderate to high-intensity physical activity, ≥2 types of activity, ≥3 times per week, ≥45 minutes per session, and lasting for ≥8 weeks had the most significant effects. Physical activity interventions reduced the depression level(Hedges’ g=-0.28, p=0.07) and improved quality of life(Hedges’ g=0.60, p=0.06) among children and adolescents with anxiety; however, the effects were not statistically significant. Of the 189 health-related indicators included in the literature, 143(75.66%) belonged to the dimension of body structures and function, and 46(24.34%) belonged to the dimension of activities and participation according to the ICF-CY framework. Conclusion: 1) Physical activity interventions significantly reduce the anxiety level among children and adolescents, with the intensity, frequency, duration per session, intervention length, scale, and activity type moderating the intervention effects. 2) Current research on physical activity interventions to reduce anxiety among children and adolescents focuses on validating immediate intervention effects from the dimension of physical function, while less attention is paid to addressing changes in terms of body structures, activities, and participation, as well as the long-term intervention effects. Future research in this field needs to be further optimized, especially focusing on the overall health picture that is composed of body structures and function, activities, and participation, so as to reduce anxiety and improve other health related conditions of children and adolescents in the long run.更多还原