【摘要】 为探索固体推进剂含能燃烧催化剂，以硝基氰胺根（NCA）为阴离子、1-乙烯基咪唑（VIM）为配体，过渡金属Mn、Co、Ni、Cu为中心离子，制备出4种新型含能配合物，结构式分别为[Mn（VIM）₄]（NCA）₂（配合物1）、[Co（VIM）₄]（NCA）₂（配合物2）、[Ni（VIM）₄]（NCA）₂（配合物3）、[Cu（VIM）₄]（NCA）₂（配合物4）;通过元素分析、红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线晶体衍射（XRD）、感度测试和氧弹量热法对其结构和物理化学性质进行了表征；用差示扫描量热法（DSC）和热重分析（TGA）研究了配合物1～配合物4的热分解过程，并利用DSC研究了配合物1～配合物4对高氯酸铵（AP）热分解的催化作用。结果表明，配合物1～配合物4均具有较高的能量密度，其中配合物2质量能量密度（E_g）为19.00kJ/g,体积能量密度（E_v）为27.18kJ/cm³;4种配合物的摩擦感度值均不小于288N,撞击感度值均大于40J。加入质量分数5%催化剂的AP样品高温分解温度均得到提前，放热量均显著提高；其中配合物2表现出最好的催化性能，加入配合物2的AP放热量升高至1564J/g,分解温度提前了62.0℃,活化能降至142.9kJ/mol,表明配合物2具有作为固体推进剂含能燃烧催化剂的潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore energy combustion catalyst for solid propellant, four new coordination compounds were synthesized using nitrocyanamide（NCA） as anion, 1-vinylimidazole（VIM） as ligand and transition-metal Mn, Co, Ni and Cu as central ions.Their structures formula were [Mn（VIM）₄]（NCA）₂（complex 1）,[Co（VIM）₄]（NCA）₂（complex 2）,[Ni（VIM）₄]（NCA）₂（complex 3）,and [Cu（VIM）₄]（NCA）₂（complex 4）. The structure and physicochemical properties of the compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy（IR）, X-ray crystal diffraction（XRD）, sensitivity test and oxygen bomb calorimetry. The thermal decomposition of the energetic complexes were studied by differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） and thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）. The catalytic effect of complex 1—complex 4 on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate（AP） was investigated by DSC. The results showed that complex 1—complex 4 have high energy density, in which mass energy density and bulk energy density are 19.00kJ/g and 27.18kJ/cm³ of complex 2. The friction sensitivity of the four complexes was greater than 288N and the impact sensitivity of the four complexes was greater than 40J.The high temperature decomposition temperature of AP samples with 5% catalyst was advanced, and the heat release was significantly increased. Among them, complex 2 showed the best catalytic performance. The AP heat release of complex 2 increased to 1564J/g and the decomposition temperature advanced by 62.0℃. The activation energy decreased to 142.9kJ/mol, indicating that complex 2 has the potential as a catalyst for energetic combustion of solid propellant.更多还原