【摘要】 [目的]研究有机肥替代化肥对萧县葡萄果实品质及果园土壤养分的影响。[方法]以设施葡萄为研究对象，分别设置不施肥（T₁）、常规施肥（T₂）、优化化肥施肥（T₃）、有机肥替代15%化肥（T₄）、有机肥替代30%化肥（T₅）、有机肥替代15%氮（T₆）和有机肥替代30%氮（T₇）共7个处理。[结果]与T₂处理相比，T₄～T₇处理土壤pH和有机质、全氮、全钾含量分别提高1.72%～3.03%、5.62%～13.30%、5.71%～21.90%和7.37%～11.58%。T₄和T₅处理与T₂处理相比，葡萄可溶性固形物含量分别提高5.06%和1.74%、糖酸比含量提高7.28%和2.08%,土壤阳离子交换量提高4.85%和5.45%,速效钾含量提高25.76%和7.12%,果实还原性糖、维生素和土壤全磷含量降低；其中T₄处理葡萄产量和土壤有效磷含量较T₂处理分别增加13.26%和44.42%。与T₂处理相比，T₆处理葡萄产量、可溶性固形物含量、糖酸比和维生素含量分别提高1.74%、3.13%、9.38%和3.64%,土壤pH、有机质、全钾、全磷、有效磷含量均有所增加。T₇处理葡萄产量、还原性糖、可溶性固形物和维生素含量分别降低13.84%、1.27%、0.41%、2.20%和3.73%。[结论]综合果实品质和土壤质量，T₄处理的效果最佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To investigate the effect of organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers on the quality of grapes and soil nutrients of orchards in Xiaoxian. [Method] Taking the facility grapes as the research object, set no fertilization（T₁）, conventional fertilization（T₂）, optimized chemical fertilization（T₃）, organic fertilizer replacing 15% chemical fertilizer（T₄）, organic fertilizer replacing 30% chemical fertilizer（T₅）, organic fertilizer replacing 15% N（T₆）, and organic fertilizer replacing 30% N（T₇）. [Result] Different treatments of organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers increased soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen and total potassium contents by 1.72%-3.03%, 5.62%-13.30%,5.71%-21.90% and 7.37%-11.58%, respectively, compared with T₂ treatment. For T₄ and T₅ treatment, grape soluble solids, sugar-acid ratio content were elevated 5.06% and 1.74%, 7.28% and 2.08%, respectively, soil cation exchange and available potassium content were increased 4.85% and 5.45%, 25.76% and 7.12%, respectively, the fruit reducing sugar, vitamins, and soil total phosphorus content were reduced; T₄ treatment also increased grape yield and soil available phosphorous by 13.26% and 44.42%, respectively. T₆ treatment increased grape yield, soluble solids, sugar-acid ratio and vitamin content by 1.74%, 3.13%, 9.38% and 3.64%, respectively, and increased soil pH, organic matter, total potassium, total phosphorus and available phosphorous content. T₇ treatment decreased grape yield, reducing sugar, soluble solids, sugar-acid ratio and vitamin content by 13.84%, 1.27%, 0.41%,2.20% and 3.73%, respectively. [Conclusion] Combining fruit quality and soil quality, T₄ treatment has the best effect.更多还原