【摘要】 为了明确桦褐孔菌发酵产物(Inonotus obliquus fermentation product, IOFP)作为禽类疫苗佐剂的适用性，选择商品化禽流感灭活疫苗和鸭坦布苏病毒弱毒活疫苗分别免疫SPF鸡和SPF鸭，并饲喂含0.8%IOFP的饲粮，同时设置饲喂商品化饲粮的对照组。在免疫后不同时间点采集鸡和鸭的外周血，分离血清后分别测定禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus, AIV)特异性血凝抑制(hemagglutinin inhibition, HI)抗体、鸭坦布苏病毒(duck Tembusu virus, DTMUV)特异性抗体及二者中和抗体效价。使用统计学方法评价IOFP对机体体液免疫反应的影响。鸭免疫后28 d使用DTMUV强毒株攻毒，持续检测泄殖腔排毒量，以确定IOFP对DTMUV排毒量的影响。结果显示，IOFP作为口服佐剂能够显著提升AIV、DTMUV疫苗抗体和中和抗体水平，特别是对免疫早期抗体的改善效果尤为显著。此外，添加IOFP还能够减少DTMUV的排毒量，缩短排毒时间。由此可见，IOFP是一种禽类病毒性疫苗普遍适用的口服佐剂，对于缩短免疫“空窗期”、提升疫苗保护效果具有较好的改善作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to clarify the applicability of Inonotus obliquus fermentation product(IOFP) as the adjuvants of avain vaccines, commercial avian influenza inactivated vaccine and duck Tembusu virus attenuated live vaccine were selected to immunize SPF chicken and ducks, respectively. SPF chicken in the experimental group were fed with the commercial diet containing 0.8% IOFP, SPF chicken in the control group were fed with the the commercial diet. The peripheral blood from the chicken and ducks was collected at different time points after immunization and the serum was separated to determine the specific hemagglutinin inhibition(HI) antibodies of avian influenza virus(AIV), specific antibodies of duck Tembusu virus(DTMUV), and their neutralizing antibody titer. The effects of IOFP on the humoral immune response were evaluated by using the statistical methods.After 28 days post immunization, the ducks were challenged with virulent DTMUV, and the cloacal detoxification volume was detected, so as to confirm the effects of IOFP on the detoxification volume of DTMUV. The results showed that IOFP as oral adjuvant could significantly improve the titers of specific and neutralizing antibodies against AIV and DTMUV, and especially the improvement effect on the antibodies at the early stage. In addition, adding IOFP could reduce the detoxification volume of DTMUV, and shorten the shedding time. Therefore, IOFP was a common oral adjuvant for avian viral vaccines, which had a great improvement effect on shortening the immune “gap period” and improving the protective effect of vaccines.更多还原