【摘要】 草地是我国草地畜牧业发展的基础，也是生态系统的重要组成部分。放牧是草地利用的主要方式，是人为干扰草地最主要的因素，对草地生态系统服务功能有重要影响。通过放牧对草地植物影响的相关文献，分析放牧对植物群落及其多样性、组织力、生物量、根系等方面的影响，以期为研究草地合理利用和退化草地的治理提供一定参考。当前由于不合理的放牧造成了草地的退化，制约了草地经济的发展，下一步应结合施肥、补播、松耙等草地管理技术，加大对划区轮牧、季节放牧以及合理载畜量等方面的研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Grassland is the basis for the development of grassland animal husbandry in China and an important part of the ecosystem. Grazing is the main way of grassland utilization, the most important factor of human interference with grassland, and has an important impact on grassland ecosystem service function. Through the related literature on the effect of grazing on grassland plants, we analyze the effect of grazing on plant communities and their diversity, organizational power, biomass, root system, etc., in order to provide some reference for studying the rational use of grassland and the management of degraded grassland. Currently, unreasonable grazing has caused the degradation of grassland and restricted the development of grassland economy. The next step should be to increase the research on zoned rotational grazing, seasonal grazing and reasonable livestock carrying capacity in combination with grassland management techniques such as fertilization, replanting and pine harrowing.更多还原