【摘要】 应激诱导的免疫/炎症反应是抑郁症发生发展的关键病理机制，模式识别受体Toll样受体4(TLR4)/NOD样受体蛋白3 (NLRP3)信号通路介导的免疫/炎症反应与抑郁症的形成和发展密切相关。中医药有关该通路抗抑郁的机制研究近年来成为关注点之一，中药复方如逍遥散、柴胡疏肝散、小建中汤等，中药药对如柴胡-白芍、桂枝-白芍、栀子-川芎等，中药单体如红花提取物、去氧五味子素、银杏酮酯、麝香酮、女贞子酚苷等可能通过抑制TLR4/NLRP3信号通路，下调TLR4、NLRP3、髓样分化因子88 (MyD88)、核转录因子κB (NF-κB)、信号转接凋亡相关斑点样蛋白（ASC）等关键蛋白表达及白细胞介素1β (IL-1β)、白细胞介素18 (IL-18)、肿瘤坏死因子α (TNF-α)等炎症因子水平，调控应激诱导的免疫/炎症反应，发挥抗抑郁作用。建议今后采用多种现代检测技术，从不同维度、不同层次，进一步探索中医药在TLR4/NLRP3信号通路中的抗抑郁机制，为中医药治疗抑郁症提供更多科学有力的证据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The immune/inflammatory response induced by stress is a key pathological mechanism for the occur-rence and development of depression. The immune/inflammatory response mediated by the Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/NOD like receptor protein 3(NLRP3) signaling pathway is closely related to the formation and development of depression. In recent years, researches on the antidepressant mechanism of the TLR4/NLRPS pathway in tradition-al Chinese medicine(TCM) has become a hot topic. TCM compound formulas such as Xiaoyao Powder （逍遥散）, Chaihu Shugan Powder （柴胡疏肝散）, and Xiaojianzhong Decoction （小建中汤）, herbal pairs such as Chaihu(Radix Bupleuri)-Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba), Guizhi(Ramulus Cinnamomi)-Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba), and Zhizi(Fructus Gardeniae)-Chuanxiong(Rhizoma Chuanxiong), and monomers such as extract of Honghua(Flos Carthami), deoxyschizandrin, ginkgo ketone ester, muscone, and citrus glycosides, may be possible to inhibit the TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway and down-regulate the expression of key proteins such as TLR4, NLRP3, myeloid differentiation factor 88(My D88), nuclear transcription factor κB(NF-κB), and signal transduction apoptosisassociated speck-like protein(ASC), as well as the levels of inflammatory factors such as interleukin 1β(IL-1β), interleukin 18(IL-18), and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), thereby regulating stress-induced immune/inflammatory responses and exert antidepressant effects. It is suggested that various modern detection techniques be used in the future to further explore the antidepressant mechanism of TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway from different dimensions and levels, so as to provide more scientific and powerful evidence for the treatment of depression with TCM.更多还原