【摘要】 社会保障制度设计与人口形态相适应是实现社会保障高质量发展的前提。当前，我国人口形态历史性地进入内生性自然负增长阶段。人口负增长使人口结构及其分布呈现诸多新特征，并给社会保障制度发展带来一系列现实约束，主要表现为加剧以现收现付制为主体的公共养老金财政风险、削弱就业关联的社会保障制度运行基础以及强化社会保障的区域不均衡度。在人口负增长趋势下实现社会保障高质量发展，其基础在于构建以家庭为导向的福利制度，关键在于：为制度发展创造良好的人口条件，推进要素改革；优化支撑制度运行的内部要件，调整劳动与社会保险的关系；适应未来就业形态变化，加大对弱势地区的扶持力度，提升社会保障制度的区域均衡度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Adapting the design of the social security system to the demographic pattern is a prerequisite for achieving high-quality development. At present, China’s population pattern has historically entered a phase of endogenous negative natural growth. The new characteristics of population structure and distribution brought by negative population growth bring about a series of practical constraints on the development of social security system, mainly in terms of aggravating the financial risks of public pensions based on pay-as-you-go system, weakening the operational basis of employment-related social security system and strengthening the regional imbalance of social security. To achieve high-quality development under the trend of negative population growth, the foundation lies in building a family-oriented welfare system to create favorable demographic conditions for system development; promoting factor reforms to optimize the internal elements of system operation; adjusting labor and social insurance relations to adapt to future changes in employment patterns; and strengthening support for disadvantaged regions to enhance the regional balance of the social security system.更多还原