【摘要】 目的 探讨水中分娩对产妇及新生儿的影响。方法 计算机检索PubMed、中国知网等国内外文献数据库中关于水中分娩对母婴分娩结局影响的随机对照试验，检索时间范围从建库至2022年4月。由2名小组成员分别对文献进行信息提取与评价，采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 最后择取14篇文献纳入分析，共计5141例研究对象。Meta分析结果显示：水中分娩总产程[MD=-56.78,95%CI(-99.93,-13.62),P=0.01]、Ⅰ度会阴裂伤[RR=1.51,95%CI(1.02,2.24),P=0.04]、会阴完整性[RR=2.03,95%CI(1.35,3.04),P=0.0007]、会阴侧切[RR=0.34,95%CI(0.16,0.72),P=0.005]、新生儿1分钟Apgar评分[MD=0.02,95%CI(0.00,0.04),P=0.04]与常规分娩组相比，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。会阴Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度裂伤、分娩第一、二、三产程时间、新生儿5分钟Apgar评分、NICU入住率及感染率与常规分娩组相比，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 与常规分娩相比，水中分娩可缩短总产程时间、保护会阴完整性、降低会阴侧切并提高产妇满意度，且不会增加新生儿NICU入住率及感染率，有降低新生儿1分钟Apgar评分的风险，但均在正常范围内。因受纳入文献局限，尚需更多研究予以验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of waterbirth on maternal and neonatal. Methods Randomized controlled trials on the effects of waterbirth on maternal and infant delivery outcomes from domestic and foreign literature databases such as PubMed and CNKI were searched by computer, and the retrieval time range was from establishment of the database to April 2022. Information extraction and evaluation were carried out by two team members respectively, and Meta-analysis was implemented with Review Manager 5.3 software. Results A total of 14 studies involving 5141 participants were included in the final analysis. Meta analysis showed that compared with the control group, the total stage of labor [MD=-56.78, 95%CI(-99.93,-13.62), P=0.01], first-degree tear [RR=1.51, 95%CI(1.02, 2.24), P=0.04], perineal integrity [RR=2.03, 95%CI(1.35,3.04), P=0.0007], episiotomy [RR=0.34, 95%CI(0.16, 0.72), P=0.005], neonatal 1 minute Apgar score [MD=0.02, 95%CI(0.00, 0.04), P=0.04], the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The second-degree tear, third-degree tear, in the first, second and third stage of labor, neonatal 5 minute Apgar score, NICU occupancy rate and infection rate between the experiment group and the control group, which the differences was no significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with the control group, waterbirth can shorten the total duration of labor, protect perineal integrity, reduce episiotomy, and improve maternal satisfaction, and does not increase the neonatal NICU occupancy rate and infection rate, but the risk of reducing neonatal 1 minute Apgar score is within the normal range. Due to the limitation of included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by more trials.更多还原