【摘要】 目的：研究辛麻颗粒对慢性阻塞性肺疾病气道重塑的影响以及转化生长因子（Transforming Growth Factor,TGF）-β1在慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠模型肺内表达及分布变化。方法：将雄性SD大鼠60只随机分为5组：中药颗粒高剂量组、中药颗粒中剂量组、中药颗粒低剂量组、模型对照组、正常对照组，各12只。建立大鼠痰瘀内阻型慢性阻塞性肺疾病模型，中药颗粒高剂量组、中药颗粒中剂量组、中药颗粒低剂量组灌服辛麻颗粒。光学显微镜下观察各组大鼠肺组织病理形态学变化并测量肺组织小气道管壁厚度；采用免疫组织化学法并结合图像分析技术测定大鼠肺组织、支气管黏膜上皮TGF-β1的表达。结果：中药颗粒高剂量组治疗后肺组织小气道管壁厚度明显小于中药颗粒中剂量组、中药颗粒低剂量组、模型对照组。中药颗粒高剂量组大鼠肺组织TGF-β1的表达最少，模型对照组、中药颗粒低剂量组、中药颗粒中剂量组无明显区别。结论：研究明确了辛麻颗粒的有效性和安全性，可减少慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性发作次数，降低支气管黏膜上皮TGF-β1表达，可能降低气道炎症反应，进而减缓气道重塑，为治疗和恢复慢性阻塞性肺疾病逐渐下降的肺功能开发新的复方提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To study the intervention effect of the Xinma granules( 辛 麻 颗 粒) on airway remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and the changes in the expression and distribution of TGF-β1 in the lungs of COPD rat models. Methods: A total of 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into the following 5 groups: the high-dose group of TCM medicine granules, the medium-dose group of TCM medicine granules, the low-dose group of TCM medicine granules, the model control group, and the normal control group, with 12 rats each. The rat model of COPD of the type of phlegm and blood stasis in the interior was established, and the Xinma granules were administered to the high-dose group of TCM medicine granules, the middle-dose group of TCM medicine granules and the low-dose group of TCM medicine granules. The pathological changes of lung tissue in each group were observed under light microscope, and the thickness of small airway wall in lung tissue was measured. The expression of TGF-β1 in lung tissue and bronchial epithelium was determined by immunohistochemical method combined with image analysis technology. Results: After treatment,the wall thickness of small airway in lung tissue in the high-dose group of TCM medicine granules was significantly smaller than that in the middle-dose group of TCM medicine granules, the low-dose group of TCM medicine granules and the model control group. The expression of TGF-β1 in lung tissue of rats in the high-dose group of TCM medicine granules was the least, but there was no significant difference among the model control group, the low-dose group of TCM medicine granules and the middle-dose group of TCM medicine granules. Conclusion: This study confirmed the efficacy and safety of the Xinma granules and reduced the number of acute episodes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It can reduce the expression of TGF-β1 in bronchial mucosal epithelium and may reduce airway inflammation, and then slow down airway remodeling. The purpose of this study is to provide a scientific basis for the development of a new compound prescription for the treatment and recovery of the declining pulmonary function of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Due to the small sample size of this study, further clinical research is still needed in the future.更多还原