【摘要】 目的 探究灵芝孢子多糖对流感疫苗免疫小鼠的免疫效果及增效作用机制。方法 雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分为4组，即空白对照组、疫苗组、氢氧化铝佐剂组、灵芝孢子多糖组。除空白对照组外，各组小鼠分别于第0天、第14天以肌肉注射方式进行初次免疫和加强免疫，免疫剂量为流感疫苗血凝素15μg/只小鼠，氢氧化铝佐剂100μg/只小鼠，灵芝孢子多糖800μg/只小鼠，给药体积0.2 mL，观察抗体效价、脏器指数、T细胞亚型、骨髓树突细胞表达、细胞因子水平等指标，评价灵芝孢子多糖对流感疫苗的免疫，并阐释其作用机制。结果 灵芝孢子多糖与流感疫苗共同免疫小鼠无过敏反应，状态良好。与疫苗组比，灵芝孢子多糖组在第2次免疫后14 d可显著增加血凝抑制抗体滴度（P <0.05），且优于氢氧化铝佐剂；可促进脾脏T、B淋巴细胞增殖，提高CD4~+T细胞含量，降低CD8~+T细胞含量，显著提高CD25~+T细胞含量（P <0.01）；显著增加小鼠骨髓树突细胞表面MHC II分子水平（P <0.001）、CD86~+分子水平（P <0.05）和CD80~+分子水平；促进血清中IL-4、TNF-α等细胞因子表达（P <0.01）。结论 灵芝孢子多糖对流感疫苗免疫小鼠具有显著的佐剂效应，显著提高了抗体水平。灵芝孢子多糖通过诱导Th1/Th2型免疫应答，提高T、B细胞的增殖活性，影响T细胞亚群分布和促进DC细胞成熟并提高其抗原提呈能力等方面提高细胞免疫和体液免疫作用，发挥免疫佐剂效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the immune effect and synergistic mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide on mice immunized with influenza vaccine. Methods Female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group, vaccine group, aluminum hydroxide adjuvant group and Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide group. Except for the blank control group, the mice in each group were given a primary immunization and a booster immunization by intramuscular injection on the 0th day and the 14th day, with an immune dose of influenza vaccine hemagglutinin 15μg per mouse, aluminum hydroxide adjuvant 100μg per mouse, Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide 800 μg per mouse, and an administration volume of 0.2 mL. The antibody titer, organ index, T cell subtype, expression of bone marrow dendritic cell, cytokine level and other indicators were observed to evaluate the immunity effect of Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide on influenza vaccine and explain its mechanism of action. Results The mice immunized with Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide and influenza vaccine had no allergic reactions and were in a good condition. Compared with the influenza vaccine, the Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide significantly increased the titer of hemagglutination inhibition antibody on the 14th day after the second immunization(P<0.05), better than the aluminum hydroxide adjuvant. It promoted the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes in the spleen, increased the content of CD4~+ T cells, decreased the content of CD8~+ T cells, and significantly increased the content of CD25~+ T cells(P<0.01). It significantly increased the levels of MHC II(P<0.001),CD86~+(P<0.05) and CD80~+ on the surface of mouse bone marrow dendritic cells, and also promoted the expression of IL-4, TNF-α and other cytokines in serum(P<0.01). Conclusion Ganoderma lucidum spore polysaccharide has a significant adjuvant effect on mice immunized with influenza vaccine, and significantly improves their antibody level. It improves the cellular and humoral immunity, and plays an immune adjuvant effect by inducing Th1/Th2type immune responses, improving the proliferation activity of T and B cells, affecting the distribution of T cell subpopulations, promoting the maturation of DC cells, improving their antigen presenting ability, and exerting an immune adjuvant effect.更多还原