【摘要】 木霉是一类有效防治多种植物病害的生防真菌,本研究利用新发现的三株木霉(棘孢木霉AW10564、哈茨木霉HB40609和棘孢木霉HB40619)对番茄枯萎病展开生物防治研究。平板对峙实验表明,三株木霉均可以显著抑制尖孢镰刀菌活性。番茄植株体内实验表明,木霉单独处理不影响番茄植株正常的生长。三株木霉分别和尖孢镰刀菌共处理可以显著降低番茄叶片中的过氧化氢和丙二醛含量,提高过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性;混合孢子液处理的番茄幼苗片的PSII系统中叶绿素荧光参数最大光化学效率、光化学淬灭系数和表观光合电子传递速率均显著增加,并且促进植株内源激素茉莉酸合成和信号转导关键基因表达以及提高内源茉莉酸的含量,进而提高番茄的抗病性。总之,新发现的三株木霉可以激发番茄复杂的防卫反应从而抑制尖孢镰刀菌引起的番茄枯萎病,本研究为农业生产中生物防治番茄枯萎病提供了新的有效生防菌株和理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Trichoderma spp. is a kind of biocontrol microbe against many plant diseases. In this study, three Trichoderma spp.(Trichoderma asperellum AW10564, Trichoderma harzianum HB40609 and Trichoderma asperellum HB40619) were used to test biological control of tomato wilt disease. The results of the plate confrontation test showed that three Trichoderma strains could significantly inhibit the activity of Fusarium oxysporum. The tomato plants could grow normally under the treatment of three Trichoderma strains alone. Treatment with Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma strains, Trichoderma could significantly reduce the hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents in tomato leaves when three Trichoderma strains were treated with Fusarium oxysporum respectively, while increased the activities of catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Trichoderma affected the expression of key genes of jasmonic acid(JA) synthesis and signal transduction and improve the disease resistance of tomato with the high content of endogenous JA. The maximum photochemical efficiency, apparent photosynthetic electron transfer rate and photochemical quenching coefficient of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in PSII system were increased. This study provides three new effective biocontrol strains and theoretical basis for biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wilt in agricultural production.更多还原