【摘要】 为了探究1例荷斯坦育成母牛结核性脑膜脑炎病例的病理变化并鉴定病原，本试验对1头24月龄病死荷斯坦育成母牛进行临床症状观察、尸体剖检和组织病理学观察，随后进行细菌分离培养，并通过抗酸染色和多位点PCR方法进行菌种鉴定。结果显示：发病牛临床表现共济失调、转圈、四肢及全身肌肉抽搐、眼球球结膜外突和角弓反张，病程数月；尸检可见脑底部表面、脑室内表面、肺脏、肾脏及后纵膈淋巴结表面和切面散在或密布大小不等的粟粒状黄白色结节；组织病理学观察结果显示，大脑、小脑、脑干、侧脑室和第四脑室的蛛网膜下腔内和局部脑实质内，以及肺脏、肾脏和后纵膈淋巴结内均有大小不等的典型结核性肉芽肿；将分离和纯培养的结核杆菌菌落制备涂片进行抗酸染色，可观察到散在或成簇红染的细长的分枝状小杆菌；分离菌株经结核分枝杆菌复合群(MtbC)的特异性多位点PCR鉴定为牛分枝杆菌。本试验在国内首次描述了由牛分枝杆菌引起荷斯坦育成母牛结核性脑膜脑炎病例的病理变化，为牛结核病的诊断和研究提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the pathological changes of a case of tuberculous meningoencephalitis in a Holstein heifer and determine the Mycobacterium identity, this study examined the clinical symptoms, gross lesions and histopathology of a 24-month-old dead Holstein heifer, conducted bacterial isolation and culture, and performed Ziehl-Neelsen staining and multi-site PCR for bacterial identification. The results showed that the heifer had the neurological signs of ataxia, turning in circles, convulsions of limbs and all the muscles, exophthalmos, and opisthotonos, with a duration of several months. At autopsy, scattered or dense yellow and white nodules of different sizes were found on the surface of the base of the brain, the surface of the ventricle, the surface and section of the lungs, kidneys, and the posterior mediastinal lymph nodes. Histologically, typical tuberculous granulomas of varying sizes were observed in the subarachnoid space and local brain parenchyma of the brain, cerebellum, brainstem, lateral ventricle, and fourth ventricle, as well as in the lungs, kidneys, and mediastinal lymph nodes. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed scattered or clusters of reddish-stained elongated mycobacteria in the smear prepared from a colony after pure culture. The isolate was identified by multi-site PCR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MtbC) subspecies and confirmed as Mycobacterium bovis(M. bovis). This study describes the pathological changes of tuberculous meningoencephalitis caused by M. bovis in a Holstein heifer for the first time in China,and provides data support for the diagnosis and management of bovine tuberculosis.更多还原