【摘要】 为探究叶尔羌高原鳅(Triplophysa yarkandensis)在车尔臣河的繁殖策略,基于2019—2021年在车尔臣河采集的544尾叶尔羌高原鳅样本,对其繁殖群体组成特征、繁殖期、初次性成熟大小、产卵类型、繁殖力等进行了研究和分析。结果显示,叶尔羌高原鳅的繁殖群体年龄范围为2～9龄,雌雄性比为1.16∶1,属于第二类型(P=K+D,K>D)。观测到的最小初次性成熟体长和年龄为:雌性111.0mm,2龄;雄性79.0mm,2龄;初次性成熟体长(SL50)和年龄(A50)为:雌性123.2mm,3.16龄,雄性90.9mm,2.95龄。根据不同性腺发育时期出现时间和比例、性腺成熟系数和卵径分布推测叶尔羌高原鳅为分批产卵类型,繁殖期为3—8月, 4—6月为繁殖盛期。绝对繁殖力平均为(61407±46143)粒,相对繁殖力平均为(743.87±321.78)粒/g。车尔臣河叶尔羌高原鳅群体相对于其他水域的叶尔羌高原鳅,拥有更大的平均体长、平均体重、初次性成熟体长、较高的绝对繁殖力和较低的相对繁殖力,这是车尔臣河叶尔羌高原鳅群体在食物稀少、生境恶劣且含沙量较大的环境中独特的繁殖策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 The reproductive strategy of Triplophysa yarkandensis in the Qarqan River was investigated based on 544 samples collected from 2019 to 2021. The study analyzed the breeding population composition, breeding period, first maturity, spawning type, fecundity, and other characteristics. The results revealed that the breeding population of Triplophysa yarkandensis ranged from 2 to 9 years old, with a male–female ratio of 1.16∶1,belonging to the second type(P=K+D, K>D). The observed body length and age at first sexual maturity were as follows: female, 111.0 mm, 2 years old; male, 79.0 mm, 2 years old. The first sexual maturity body length(SL50)and age(A50) were as follows: female, 123.2 mm and 3.16 years old; male, 90.9 mm and 2.95 years old. Based on the appearance time and proportion of different gonad development stages, gonad maturity coefficient, and egg diameter distribution, it is inferred that Triplophysa yarkandensis is a batch spawning type, and the breeding period is from March to August, with a peak breeding period from April to June. The average absolute fecundity was(61407±46143) grains, and the average relative fecundity was(743.87±321.78) grains/g. Compared with other water bodies, the Triplophysa yarkandensis population in the Qarqan River had a larger average body length,average body weight, and first sexual maturity body length; a higher absolute fecundity; and a lower relative fecundity. The distinctive reproductive strategy of the Triplophysa yarkandensis population in the Qarqan River can offer fundamental data support for the protection of its resources.更多还原