【摘要】 目的了解湖州市输血传播人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus,HIV）的残余风险，为科学制定防控策略提供依据。方法收集浙江省血液管理信息系统中湖州市2019―2021年无偿献血者资料，对初次献血者和重复献血者HIV的检测确诊结果和年龄、性别、学历、职业、户籍等流行病学资料进行分析，采用“发病率-窗口期数学模型”评估无偿献血者输血传播HIV的残余风险。结果2019―2021年湖州市共筛查无偿献血者108 138人，其中初次献血者64 464人，重复献血者43 674人，确证感染率分别为9.308×10^-5（6/64 464）和4.579×10^-5（2/43 674）。感染者均为男性，35岁以下占87.5%（7/8）；大专以下学历占75.0%（6/8）；自由职业者或者未登记明确职业者占87.5%（7/8）；外地户籍占87.5%（7/8）。湖州市无偿献血人群输血传播HIV的总残余风险为1.323×10^-6，初次和重复献血者输血传播HIV的残余风险分别为1.665×10^-6和0.819×10^-6。结论湖州地区输血传播HIV的残余风险较低，但初次献血者输血传播HIV的残余风险要高于重复献血者，要制定并落实一系列包括提高重复献血者比例、提升检验检测能力等在内的措施，提升血液安全水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the residual risk of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） transmission through blood transfusion in Huzhou city,so as to provide evidence for scientific prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of voluntary blood donors in Huzhou city from 2019 to 2021 were collected through the blood product management information system of Zhejiang province.The results of HIV detection and diagnosis and epidemiological data （age,gender,educational level,occupation and registered residence） of the first-time blood donors and repeat blood donors were analyzed.The“incidence-window model”was used to assess the residual risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusion among blood donors.Results From2019 to 2021,a total of 108 138 voluntary blood donors were screened in Huzhou city,including 64 464 firsttime donors and 43 674 repeat donors.The confirmed infection rates in first-time and repeat blood donors were9.308×10^-5 （6/64 464） and 4.579×10^-5 （2/43 674）,respectively.The infected individuals were all males,with 87.5%（7/8） of them under the age of 35,75.0%（6/8） had a college degree or below,87.5%（7/8） were freelancers or did not specify their occupation,and 87.5%（7/8） were not registered residents of Huzhou city.The total residual risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusion among voluntary blood donors in Huzhou city was 1.323×10^-6,which was 1.665×10^-6 and 0.819×10^-6 among the first-time and repeat donors,respectively.Conclusions The residual risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusion in Huzhou area is relatively low,but higher among first-time blood donors than among repeat blood donors.It is necessary to formulate and implement a series of measures,including increasing the proportion of repeat blood donors and improving testing capabilities,which would help improve the safety of blood products.更多还原