【摘要】 旨在探讨激素处理方案、供体牛月龄对高产荷斯坦奶牛超数排卵效果和性控体外胚胎生产效率的影响，为建立稳定高效且适用于高产荷斯坦奶牛的超数排卵方案以及提高高产奶牛性控胚胎体外生产效率提供技术支持。实验共选取高产荷斯坦奶牛60头，随机分为3组，分别按照注射FSH两周采卵一次(bi-weekly,BW)、注射FSH一周采卵一次(once weekly,OW)与不注射激素(control,CON)进行OPUIVF体外性控胚胎生产，应用以上最佳方案进一步研究青年牛与经产牛在体外胚胎生产效率上是否存在差异。BW组的超排效果要优于OW组与CON组，BW组头均可用卵数(15.30±0.60)、可用卵占比(68.83%±1.92%)、头均A级卵数(9.86±0.38)与头均B级卵数(5.44±0.37)均显著高于OW组；BW组IVF早期胚胎体外发育优于OW组与CON组，其中BW组卵裂率(77.80%±1.08%)与头均胚胎数(5.11±0.27)均高于OW组与CON组且差异显著，BW组和CON组B级胚胎占比(13.95%±1.23%)均显著低于OW组；经产牛组头均卵子数(27.10±1.35)与头均胚胎数(5.29±0.28)均显著高于青年牛组，但卵子可用率经产牛组显著低于青年牛组，分别为64.44%±1.81%和75.01%±2.33%。BW组可获得最佳的超排效果，应用BW超排方案发现经产牛的体外胚胎生产效率优于青年牛。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of hormone treatment and donor age on superovulation and production efficiency of sex control embryos for high yielding Holstein cows in vitro, and provide technical support for the establishment of stable and efficient superovulation schedule and the improvement of production efficiency of sex control embryos for high yielding Holstein cows in vitro. A total of60 high yielding Holstein cows were randomly selected and divided into 3 groups. OPU-IVF for embryo production was performed according to FSH injection schedule: bi-weekly(BW), once weekly(OW) and no injection(CON) in vitro. The best schedule was used to further study whether there was difference in embryo production efficiency in vitro between young cattle and postpartum cattle. The superovulation effect of BW group was better than that of OW and CON groups. The number of available ovum(15.30±0.60), the proportion of available ovum(68.83%±1.92%), the number of grade A ovum(9.86±0.38) and the number of grade B ovum(5.44±0.37) in BW group were significantly higher than those of OW group. The in vitro development of IVF early embryos in BW group was better than that in OW and CON groups. The cleavage rate(77.80%±1.08%)and the number of embryos per cow(5.11±0.27) in BW group were higher than those of OW and CON groups,and the differences were significant. The proportion of grade B embryos(13.95%±1.23%) in BW and CON groups was significantly lower than that in OW group. The number of average ovum(27.10±1.35) and embryo per cow(5.29±0.28) in postpartum cattle group were significantly higher than those of young cattle group, but the ovum availability was significantly lower than that of young cattle group, which was 64.44%±1.81% and75.01%±2.33%, respectively. The BW group had the best superovulation schedule, under which the production efficiency of sex control embryos in vitro of postpartum cattle was significantly higher than that of young cattle.更多还原