【摘要】 制造了一种长寿命和高能量密度的准固态钠离子电池。该电池采用了预钠化硬碳（HC/Na）干法负极和聚乙烯（polyethylene, PE）-聚苯硫醚（polyphenylene sulfide, PPS）基复合固态隔膜（PE-PPS based composite solid state separator, PE-PPS-CSSS）。预钠化将硬碳干法负极的首次库仑效率从73%提高到93%,同时解决了干法负极中聚四氟乙烯（polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE）“吃”钠的问题。使用PE-PPS-CSSS实现了钠在HC/Na干法负极上的均匀沉积/解离，有效解决了采用商用PE隔膜的钠电池在循环过程中电压不稳定和容易短路的问题。采用PE-PPS-CSSS和HC/Na干法负极组成的金属钠对称电池在电流密度为0.5 mA·cm^-2的情况下可以实现超过300 h的循环稳定性，由Na₃V₂（PO₄）₃(NVP,面容量为1 mAh·cm^-2)和HC/Na组成的全电池在300圈循环后容量保持率在70%以上，且充放电平台稳定、平整，理论能量密度可达360 Wh·（kg NVP）^-1。更多还原

【Abstract】 A quasi-solid state sodium ion battery was designed aiming at the achievement of long-life and high-energy density. Pre-sodiated solvent-free hard carbon（HC/Na） composite anode and polyethylene（PE） protected polyphenylene sulfide（PPS） based composite solid state separator（PE-PPS-CSSS） were employed in our sodium ion batteries. It was found that pre-sodiation can not only significantly improve the initial columbic efficiency of solvent-free hard carbon anode from 73% to 93%, but also solve the problem of “eating” sodium by polytetrafluoroethylene（PTFE） in solvent-free anode. In addition, the use of PE-PPS-CSSS can achieve uniform sodium deposition on the solvent-free HC/Na anode and inhibit the voltage instability or even short circuit during the cycling, which always happen for the battery with commercial ceramic-coated PE separator. Sodium-metal symmetrical battery composed of HC/Na and PE-PPS-CSSS can maintain cycling stability for over 300 h at a current density of 0.5 mA·cm^-2. For the full cell composed of Na₃V₂（PO₄）₃(NVP, area capacity 1 mAh·cm^-2) and HC/Na, the capacity retention rate is above 70% after 300 cycles, with relatively stable and flat charge-recharge platform. The specific energy density based on the cathode active material can reach 360 Wh·（kg NVP）^-1.更多还原