【摘要】 Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇电接触材料虽然电阻率比Ag/SnO₂材料低，但其塑性差、成型困难，因此对其力学性能的优化是实现其工业应用的重要环节。采用水热法制备Ni元素掺杂的改性Bi₂Sn₂O₇粉体，结合高能球磨和粉末冶金工艺制备了不同Ni掺杂量的Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇电接触材料，运用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、硬度仪、密度计和万能试验机对所制备的材料进行分析测试。测试结果表明：随着Ni掺杂量的增加，改性Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇电接触材料的密度和硬度呈先增大后减小趋势，并且当前驱体中Ni²⁺与Sn⁴⁺的摩尔比为2∶20时，Ni掺杂Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇电接触材料的物理性能最佳，相应的密度及硬度均最高，分别为9.94 g/cm³,94.2 HV;对应的成品丝材的断后延伸率为3.8%,是Ag/SnO₂电接触材料的7.6倍，抗拉强度为200.2 MPa,与Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇电接触材料相比，提升了79.5%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇ electrical contact material shows a lower resistivity than Ag/SnO₂ material, but their plasticity is poor and molding is difficult. Therefore, it is important to optimize their mechanical properties to improve the industrial applications. In this study, Ni element-doped modified Bi₂Sn₂O₇ powder was prepared by hydrothermal method, and Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇ electrical contact materials with different Ni dosages were prepared by a combination of high-energy ball milling and powder metallurgy. The prepared Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇ material was characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, hardness meter, density meter and universal tensile testing machine. The results show that, with the increase of Ni doping, the density and hardness of the modified Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇ electrical contact material tended to increase first and then decrease. When the molar ratio of Ni²⁺ to Sn⁴⁺ in the precursor is 2∶20, the physical properties of Ni-doped Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇ materials are the best, and the corresponding density and hardness are 9.94 g/cm³ and 94.2 HV, respectively. The elongation of the final wire is 3.8%, which is 7.6 times that of Ag/SnO₂ material; the tensile strength is 200.2 MPa, which was enhanced by 79.5% over Ag/Bi₂Sn₂O₇ material.更多还原