【摘要】 任何一种教育类型都有与之功能和特征相契合的评价制度，“学历证书+若干职业技能等级证书”制度（以下简称“1+X证书制度”）正是落实职业教育类型教育特征的人才评价制度。这一制度的形成由早期的单证书分离、双证书结合发展而来，使职业院校在人才培养过程中从重知识向重能力转变、从单一学校或企业职业教育向校企合作教育转变、从单部门考核向多部门合作考核转变、从重毕业条件向重就业准入转变。随着1+X证书制度的全面推进，在实践层面上应深化学校内部管理改革，构建书证融通体系，制定有利于学生个性化发展的学习方案，校、企、第三方培训机构展开协同评价，为培养复合型技术技能人才提供保障。更多还原

【Abstract】 Any type of education has an evaluation system that matches its functions and characteristics. The 1 + X certificate system is the talent evaluation system that implements the characteristics of vocational education type education. The formation of this system was developed from the separation of single certificate and the combination of dual certificates in the early stage,which enabled vocational colleges to change from focusing on knowledge to ability in the process of talent training, from single school or enterprise vocational education to school-enterprise cooperative education, and from single departmental assessment has changed to multi-departmental cooperation assessment, and from graduation requirements to employment access. With the comprehensive advancement of the 1 + X certificate system, at the practical level, the internal management reform of the school should be deepened, a documentary certificate integration system should be established, and a learning plan conducive to the individual development of students should be formulated. Provide guarantee for the cultivation of compound technical and skilled talents.更多还原