【摘要】 为了深入探究外源NO对老化高粱种子的萌发能力和幼苗生理机能的影响，本研究选用两个高粱品种(W522和吉杂328)的老化种子为试验材料，将外源NO供体硝普照纳(SNP)配置成浓度分别为0(ck)、0.5 mmol/L、1.0 mmol/L、1.5 mmol/L的溶液处理老化种子，测定高粱种子和幼苗的生理指标。结果表明，外源NO可以提高老化高粱种子的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数，W522和吉杂328的发芽率分别提高了11%和25%,发芽指数分别提高了4.03和7.79。经SNP处理后，老化高粱种子的相对电导率显著降低，W522和吉杂328可溶性糖含量分别比同品种的ck提高了4.43 mg/g和4.04 mg/g, W522和吉杂328可溶性蛋白含量提高了0.30 mg/g和0.41 mg/g。外源NO对幼苗生长影响因品种和指标不同而存在差异。外源NO显著提高了老化高粱种子幼苗的SOD、POD和CAT三种生理活性酶的活性，当SNP浓度为1.5 mmol/L时，W522和吉杂328的SOD活性均达到最高值，分别为119.0 U/g和84.6 U/g。W522和吉杂328的POD活性在SNP浓度为1.5 mmol/L时均达最高，较ck高26.5 U/g和67.2 U/g。W522和吉杂328的幼苗CAT活性分别比ck高87.0 U/g和122.7 U/g。另外，外源NO显著提高了老化高粱种子幼苗的Pro含量，并显著降低了MDA含量，有利于幼苗的持续生长。研究表明，外源NO供体SNP是一种能有效提高老化高粱种子发芽能力、并能显著激活幼苗生理活性酶的物质，其最佳浓度选择因品种和指标存在差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the effect of exogenous NO on germination ability and seedling physiology of aged sorghum seeds, aged seeds of two sorghum varieties W522 and Jiza328 were selected as experimental materials, and exogenous NO donor SNP was treated with 0 mmol/L(ck), 0.5 mmol/L, 1.0 mmol/L, and 1.5 mmol/L solutions. A series of physiological indexes of sorghum seeds and seedlings were measured. The results showed that exogenous NO could improve the germination potential, germination rate and germination index of aged sorghum seeds. The germination rate of W522 and Jiza328 increased by 11% and 25%, respectively, and germination index increased by 4.03 and 7.79, respectively. After SNP treatment, the REC of aged sorghum seeds significantly decreased, and the soluble sugar content of W522 and Jiza328 seeds increased respectively by 4.43 mg/g and 4.04 mg/g contrast to ck, while the soluble protein content of W522 and Jiza328 seeds increased by 0.30 mg/g and 0.41 mg/g, respectively. The effects of exogenous NO on the growth of seedlings were different with different varieties and indexes. Exogenous NO significantly increased the activities of SOD, POD and CAT in the aged sorghum seeds. When the SNP concentration was 1.5 mmol/L, the SOD activities of W522 and Jiza328 reached the highest values of 119.0 U/g and 84.6 U/g, respectively. The POD activity of W522 and Jiza328 reached the highest at 1.5 mmol/L SNP concentration, and was 26.5 U/g and 67.2 U/g higher than that of ck. CAT activity of W522 and Jiza328 seedlings was 87.0 U/g and 122.7 U/g higher than that of control aged sorghum seeds, respectively. In addition, exogenous NO significantly increased the content of Pro and decreased the content of MDA in the aged sorghum seeds, which was conducive to the sustainable growth of seedlings. Therefore, exogenous NO donor SNP was an important substance that could effectively improve the germination ability of aging sorghum seeds and significantly activated physiological active enzymes in seedlings. The selection of optimal concentration varied with varieties and indexes.更多还原