【摘要】 目的 探讨妊娠糖尿病孕妇不同孕周体成分与新生儿出生体重的相关性。方法 选择2020年6月-2022年3月在本院产科门诊确诊的妊娠糖尿病（GDM）孕妇100例为研究对象，分别在GDM确诊时、孕32周、孕36周行体成分检测，比较不同孕周GDM孕妇体成分的差异，并分析不同孕周体成分指标与新生儿出生体重的相关性。结果 GDM孕妇不同孕期的体重（P=0.020）、骨质（P=0.001）、肌肉（P=0.026）、蛋白质（P=0.009）、瘦体重（P=0.022）、骨骼肌（P=0.026）和基础代谢率（P=0.012）差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。相关性分析显示，孕妇脂肪重、肌肉、瘦体重、骨骼肌在三个孕期与新生儿出生体重均具有正相关（P<0.05），线性回归显示，在GDM确诊时、32周和36周孕妇脂肪重每增加一个单位新生儿出生体重分别增加17.018g、15.936g、15.706g，肌肉每增加一个单位新生儿体重分别增加16.485g、19.574g、16.927g，瘦体重每增加一个单位新生儿体重分别增加15.540g、18.425g和16.745g，骨骼肌每增加一个单位新生儿体重分别增加23.066g、29.077g和27.101g。结论 GDM孕妇不同孕期体成分脂肪重、肌肉、瘦体重、骨骼肌与新生儿体重呈正相关，临床上可根据体成分结果科学、动态指导GDM孕妇孕期保健工作，从而有效减少GDM发生、发展对新生儿出生体重的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The aim of this study is to estimate the associations of body composition at different gestational weeks and neonatal birth weight in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods A total of 100 pregnant women with GDM were enrolled from our hospital during June 2020 to March 2022. The indexes of body composition of pregnant women with GDM were carried out at the time point of GDM diagnosed, 32 weeks of gestation, and 36 weeks of gestation. The difference of the indexes of body composition of pregnant women with GDM at different gestational weeks were compared, and the association of body composition at different gestational weeks and neonatal birth weight in pregnant women with GDM were estimated. Results Fat weight, muscle, lean body mass, skeletal muscle, the indexes of body composition in GDM pregnant women, were positively associated with neonatal birth weight(P< 0.05) at all three time points tested. In linear regression,for each unit increase in fat weight of GDM pregnant women, the neonatal birth weight increased by 17.018g, 15.936g, 15.706g; for each unit increase in muscle of GDM pregnant women, the neonatal birth weight increased by 16.485g, 19.574g, 16.927g; for each unit increase in lean body mass, the neonatal birth weight increased by 15.540g, 18.425g, 16.745g; and for each unit increase in skeletal muscle, the neonatal birth weight increased by 23.066g, 29.077g, 27.101g at the time point of GDM diagnosed, 32weeks of gestation, and 36 weeks of gestation, respectively. Conclusion Fat weight, muscle, lean body mass, skeletal muscle, the indexes of body composition in GDM pregnant women, were positively associated with neonatal birth weight at different gestational weeks. Clinically, according to the results of body composition, the health care work of pregnant women with GDM during pregnancy can be scientifically and dynamically guided, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the occurrence and development of GDM on the birth weight of newborns.更多还原