【摘要】 为了研究超声预处理对畜禽粪污厌氧消化的影响、优化超声预处理工艺，以牛粪为研究对象，结合修正的Gompertz方程分析厌氧消化的产气潜力和动力学过程，并采用宏基因组测序分析微生物群落的结构与组成。结果显示，适宜强度的超声预处理可有效破坏大分子有机质底物结构，对牛粪厌氧消化有一定促进作用。在200 W、400 W超声20 min时，两组VS沼气产率最高，提升效果分别为7.88%、8.04%;两组反应器中甲烷含量可提高至60%及以上。修正的Gompertz模型可以很好预测不同超声预处理下牛粪的产甲烷潜力(相关性系数R~2>0.99)。在200 W超声20 min, TS、VS去除率分别可达41.56%、52.78%,比对照组提高了6.59%、7.08%;超声预处理厌氧消化后样品中优势微生物菌群丰度均高于未预处理组，其优势菌群主要为厌氧消化过程中产甲烷相关的微生物。研究表明选取超声预处理对提高牛粪厌氧消化效率有积极影响，同时还能减少病原微生物在环境中的传播风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the anaerobic digestion of livestock manure and to optimize the ultrasonic pretreatment process, we used cow manure as raw material, combined with the modified Gompertz equation to analyze the gas production potential and kinetics of anaerobic digestion, as well as the structure and composition of the microbial community using metagenomics sequencing. The results showed that the appropriate intensity of ultrasonic pretreatment can destroy the structure of macromolecular organic substrate and promote the anaerobic digestibility of cow manure. At 200 W and 400 W for 20 min, the highest biogas yield was achieved in both groups VS, with an enhancement effect of 7.88% and 8.04% respectively; the methane content in both reactor could be increased to 60% and above. The modified Gompertz model was a good predictor of the methanogenic potential of cow manure under different ultrasound pretreatments(R~2> 0.99). At 200 W for 20 min, the TS and VS removal rates reached 41.56% and 52.78% respectively, an increase of 6.59% and 7.08% compared to the control; The abundance of the dominant microflora in the anaerobic digestion samples after ultrasonic pretreatment were higher than that of the non-pre-treated. This study showed that the selection of ultrasonic pretreatment has a positive impact on improving the efficiency of anaerobic digestion of cow manure, while also reducing the risk of transmission of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment.更多还原