【摘要】 伴随着市场供应期的延长，华北高寒区晚茬青花菜与花椰菜两种花球甘蓝栽培面临着低温霜冻环境的胁迫。笔者监测了华北高寒区秋季间霜期气象因素变化，林带风障防护、无纺布覆被防护与未防护（CK）下的花球甘蓝光合指标、霜冻害指数以及产量等特征。结果表明，华北坝上高寒区秋季间霜期受霜冻胁迫的花球甘蓝叶片净光合速率（P_n）有降低趋势；对花球甘蓝叶片SPAD值降低不显著；对光能转化效率（F_v/F_m）产生了胁迫效应，其中花椰菜较青花菜更为敏感，但F_v/F_m总体维持0.78以上水平。花椰菜霜冻害指数较青花菜高，抗寒性差；其林带风障与无纺布覆被防护的产量较未防护（CK）提高13.86%与19.98%；青花菜林带风障防护较未防护产量提高了6.48%。无纺布覆被增加了成本，净产值较未防护处理提高了27.66%，成本收益率达3.75%。因此，花球甘蓝中的青花菜与花椰菜对华北高寒区秋季间霜期低温环境有较强的生态适应性，无纺布覆被是防控菜田霜冻危害的实用技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the extension of market supply period, two cabbages with curd(late-planted broccoli and cauliflower)in the high cold region of North China would be threatened by frost. Meteorological factors were monitored during the autumn frosts period in the high cold regions of North China, meanwhile photosynthetic characteristics, freeze injury index,yield and quality of these two kinds of vegetable were also investigated under three treatments including windbreaks, cover of non-textile and no-protection(CK)in this region. The results showed that when the cabbages with curd were injured by frost, the photosynthetic rate(P_n)of leaves showed a decreasing trend, but the SPAD values of leaves did not decrease significantly. There was a stress effect on the efficiency of light energy conversion efficiency(F_v/F_m), with cauliflower more sensitive than broccoli, but the values of F_v/F_mremained above 0.78 generally. The freeze injury index of cauliflower was higher than that of broccoli, because of its poor cold tolerance. The yields of windbreaks treatment and cover of non-textile treatment were 13.86% and 19.98% higher than that of no-protection treatment for the cauliflower, respectively. The yield of windbreaks treatment was 6.48% higher than that of no-protection treatment for the broccoli. Although the cover of non-textile treatment increased the cost, the net output value increased by 27.66% compared with no-protection treatment, with a cost-benefit rate of 3.75%. Therefore, broccoli and cauliflower have good ecological adaptability to the low temperature environment during the autumn frost period in the cold regions of North China, and the cover of non-textile can be one kind of practical technologies to prevent the damage of frost in vegetable production.更多还原