【摘要】 抗病种质资源的发掘利用是抗病育种的基础和关键，筛选抗病种质对选育抗病品种具有重要意义。为明确国家甘蔗种质资源圃保存的核心种质花叶病和宿根矮化病病情及其自然抗病性，本研究于2021年，对国家甘蔗种质资源圃保存的105份甘蔗核心种质进行花叶病和宿根矮化病田间自然发病调查及其病原检测与抗性评价。结果表明，105份核心种质中，花叶病1级高抗到3级中抗的有75份，占71.4%;105份核心种质样品检测到SCSMV、SrMV两种病毒，所有样品均未检测出SCMV病毒；38份核心种质受SCSMV单独侵染检测出SCSMV、检出率为36.2%,15份核心种质受SrMV单独侵染检测出SrMV、检出率为14.3%,20份核心种质受SCSMV和SrMV复合侵染检测出SCSMV和SrMV、检出率为19.0%;105份核心种质中88份感RSD呈阳性、阳性检出率为83.8%,17份未感RSD呈阴性、占总检测数的16.2%。综合分析结果显示，21份核心种质对SCSMV和SrMV 2种病毒均表现为高抗，占20.0%;27份核心种质双抗SCSMV和SrMV 2种病毒，占25.7%;17份核心种质抗RSD,占16.2%;其中11份核心种质多抗SCSMV、SrMV和RSD,占10.5%。研究结果明确了105份甘蔗核心种质花叶病和宿根矮化病田间病情及其病原类群，筛选出11份多抗SCSMV、SrMV和RSD核心种质，为深入开展甘蔗抗病育种提供了抗病基因源和参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Exploration and utilization of disease-resistant germplasm resources is the basis and key of disease-resistant breeding, and screening disease-resistant germplasm is of great significance for breeding disease-resistant varieties. In order to clarify the disease occurrence and natural resistance of mosaic and ratoon stunting(RSD) diseases of core germplasm preserved in the National Nursery of Sugarcane Germplasm Resources, the field occurrence investigation, pathogen detection and resistance evaluation were carried out in 105 core germplasms in 2021. The results showed that for mosaic resistance, 75 of 105 core germplasms(71.4%) were scored between highly resistant(Grade 1) to moderately resistant(Grade 3). SCSMV and SrMV were detected in 105 core germplasms, and SCMV was not detected in all samples. SCSMV was detected in 38 core germplasms, which infected by SCSMV alone, with a detection rate of 36.2%. SrMV was detected in 15 core germplasms, which infected by SrMV alone, with a detection rate of 14.3%. SCSMV and SrMV were detected in 20 core germplasms, which infected by both SCSMV and SrMV, and the detection rate was 19.0%. Among 105 core germplasms, 88 were positive for RSD, the positive rate was 83.8%, and 17 were negative for RSD, accounting for 16.2% of the total detected samples. Comprehensive analysis results showed that 21 core germplasms(20% of 105) were highly resistant to SCSMV and SrMV; 27 core germplasms(25.7% of 105) were resistant to both SCSMV and SrMV; 17 core germplasms(16.2% of 105) were resistant to RSD; Among them, 11 core germplasms(10.5% of 105) were multi-resistance to SCSMV, SrMV and RSD. These results demonstrated the field occurrence and pathogen groups of mosaic and RSD diseases in 105 core germplasms, 11 core germplasms that multi-resistance to SCSMV, SrMV and RSD were screened out, which provided the source of disease-resistant genes and reference for further sugarcane disease-resistant breeding.更多还原